412 
94 . FILICES. 
turn (Sm.) is a form having the pinn.T less divided than in the 
t} ])e of the species and the fronds linear-lanceolate and more 
rigid. — Hedge-banks. P. VII. VIII. 
3.? P. aiujulare (Newm.) ; fronds lax drooj)ing lanceolate, 
pinnules truncate below distinctly stalked hluntish. — N. 173. 
Aspidium Sm., E. B. S. 2776- — Stipes usually elongated. First 
ujjjier ])innule scarcely longer than the others, its lower side 
rounded below, its up])er with a large hluntish auricle and form- 
ing an obtuse angle with' the lower at the summit of the short 
stalk which is nearly at right-angles with the partial rachis. — I 
have endeavoured to point out differences between this plant and 
the preceding but am far from certain that they are constant. — 
Sheltered wood and hedge-hanks. P. VII. VIII. 
C. Cystopteris Bernh. 
1. C.frayilis (Beridi.); frond lanceolate bipinnate, pinnae 
ovate-lanceolate, pinnules ovate or ovate-lanceolate toothed or 
jhnnatifid. — N. 149. — Remarkably variable, three forms may be 
distinguished, but they are connected by intermediate specimens. 
— a. dentata ; pinnules ovate obtuse ])ointless bluntly toothed or 
rarely pinnatifid not decurrent. Cystea dentata Sm., E. B. 1588? 
“ Pinnae of young fronds reflexed, drooping, convex ; sori more 
marginal” than in the following. — fragilis ; pinnules ovate 
acute pinnatifid cut and serrated, slightly deeurrent. E. B. 1587. 
A much more divided plant. Sori more central. — y. angustata ; 
jiinnules linear-lanceolate deeply and acutely j)innatifid or slightly 
toothed at the margin, ultimate subdivisions oblong or linear not 
dilated rounded or ovate sometimes notched at the end. Known 
by its very narrow and usually distant subdivisions. C. angustata 
Sm. — These plants are excellently illustrated in Mr. Newman’s 
work, to whose figures I must refer, as it is scarcely possible to 
describe their differences. — Common, a. “ Scotland.” Newm. 
I find what I consider as the same in Teesdale. /3. Rocks and 
walls, y. Craven, and N. Wales. P. VII. 
[2. C. alpina (Desv.) ; frond lanceolate bijhnnate, pinnse ovate, 
pinnules ovate deeply pinnatifid with broadly and shortly linear 
segments partly cloven and slightly toothed at the end. — JV. 157. 
E. B. 163. — Fronds very much divided but compact and close. 
— On a wall at Low Layton, Essex, where it is still occasionally 
found. Not a true native. P. VII. ] 
3. C. montana (hink) ; fronds triangnlar bipinnate, pinnules 
of lower pinnaj pinnate : lobes pinnatifid with notched segments. 
— N. 159. — Fronds resembling those of P. calcareum in shape, 
very finely divided. Lower pair of pinnse much the largest; 
their lower larger than their upj)er pinnules. — At the station of 
