Jicj.ort oil the Agriculture of Bchjium. 
npertuies for ventilation, or they are at once washed and put 
through the usual processes. The earth washed off the roots is 
collected and drained, and sold as manure at the rate of about 
4s. per cubic yard. The scum produced by the addition of an 
excess of lime to the beet-root juice is also utilised for the same 
purpose after being- compressed like the beet-root pulp ; it is 
< onsidered a particularly good dressing for clover. The animal 
black, when no longer fit for use in the factory, is sold for the 
manufacture of superphosphate ; but not for use in Belgium, we 
believe. Thus every waste product of the beet-root, and of the 
substances used in the manufacture of sugar, is put to a useful 
purpose. The only " waste " product of which it is necessary 
to say more is the pulp ; and to describe its consumption 
properly we must devote a few pages to the subject of cattle- 
feeding. 
Before leaving the subject of sugar-beet and sugar-making, we 
must draw attention to the immense benefit which the " sucreries " 
confer on an agricultural district. It is not only that the crop is 
a profitable one to the farmer, and that sugar-making is profitable 
to the manufacturer, but it is also that, at the otherwise dullest 
season of the year, agricultural labourers (men, women, and 
children) can earn in the factory, working piecework, at least as 
good wages as in the summer * when farming operations aje in 
full swing. 
9. Cattle-feeding : (a) Pulp-feeding. — For the sake of pre- 
serving the sequence of ideas, we will commence with pulp 
feeding. Of this there are two kinds, perfectly distinct in 
practice and result. The most simple kind is where young 
stock (preferably two-year-old heifers) are bought as wanted, 
put immediately on pulp with a little corn or cake, and sold to 
the butcher at the end of three or four months in a state which 
we should call "half-fat." This would not do for the English 
market ; but, on the other hand, our fat beasts would be unsale- 
able in Belgium. 
When these young stock are first put on pulp they will not 
touch it, and a large quantity of salt must be added to induce 
them to eat it even when they are nearly starving. After a 
while, however, necessity compels them to eat the pulp, and it 
gives them diarrhoea. The result is that during the first fort- 
night they get even more skinny than they were when they 
came in ; but about the end of the second week, or the middle 
of the third, the poor beasts break into a most profuse per- 
spiration, and the diarrha>a gradually ceases. The quantity of 
salt given with the pulp is then gradually diminished, and from 
* Except during liarvest, in some districts. 
