Report on Cheshire Dairy- Farming. 
171 
they are put to a Lincoln tup as soon as bought, and run at large 
on grass-land during the winter. The lambs, which average 
between 40 and 50 in excess of the number of ewes, are sold 
fat, and drawn at intervals for the Manchester market as fast as 
they can be got ready. They are generally sold to one hand to 
be cleared by the end of July, and the ewes are disposed of in 
the same manner, to be cleared in October, so as to make room 
for the new flock. Mr. Jackson's flock is usually from 100 to 
200 Cheviot hoggs and breeding ewes. 
Pigs. — Mr. Jackson's arrangements for pig-feeding are ex- 
tremely good, the whey from his dairy being conveyed to a 
convenient cistern, as will be described presently. He keeps 
from G to 8 breeding-sows, generally of the Yorkshire or Cum- 
berland breed ; and in summer he has, on the average, about 
GO pigs, reckoning that it is most profitable to feed as many 
pigs as he has dairy-cows. Pigs are fed on whey and Indian 
meal, and, with the exception of a few young ones, got rid of in 
the spring ; they are sold fat in July, August, and September, 
weighing about 14 or 15 score. 
Cart-horses. — Mr. Whitlow buys 3-year-old colts, and works 
them on his farm for two or three years, after which he sells 
them for dray and other work in the towns of the district. He 
gives them chopped straw and hay, with pulped turnips and 
crushed corn, and sometimes a little cake, all the year round. 
Fences. 
On both the farms described in this Report, the fences were 
remarkably good, and very much above the average of the county. 
Mr. Whitlow's were made by double-trenching to the depth of 2 ft., 
dressing with farmyard manure, and planting, on the flat, with 
about six o-year-old quicks to the yard, which were cut close to 
the ground immediately. Mr. Jackson ploughed out two furrows 
in the line of the fence, and then put the subsoil-plough between 
them, in the line where the fence was required. The land was 
then manured with farmyard manure and a few ground bones, 
which were ploughed under. A gardener's line was then fixed 
in the position required, against which a boy placed the quicks — 
one man on each side being employed to earth them up with a 
spade. Six quicks, of three or four years old, were planted to 
the yard on the flat ; they were allowed to grow one year, then 
were cut down to a height of 4 inches, and afterwards allowed 
to grow untouched for about four years. On both farms the 
fences were trimmed to a height of abrut 4 ft. 6 in., and a 
width of 4 ft. across the bottom. Trimming is generallv 
<lone as daywork, and cleaning at \d. per Cheshire rod of S 
yards. In this manner Mr. Jackson has replaced the crooked 
