232 
Viliar/e Sanitaj-i/ Ecvnunu/. 
placed that tLe water shall be discharged from the buckets or 
])()ts into any reservoir or receptacle at a height from which 
it can flow direct to the dwellings of the recipients. The 
chain of buckets would occupy the same place in the well, 
and in the body of the wind engine, as the pump shown in 
the preceding drawing ; and the reader has only to suppose that 
the upper driving wheel, with the pendant chain, occupies a 
sufficiently high position to discharge the water raised from 
the well into the tank, to comprehend the simplicity of the 
arrangement. The height, however, to which the noria can be 
applied in a village should not exceed 50 to 60 feet, as there 
would be a severe strain upon the chains, and their liability 
to break would be increased if the height were greater. These 
machines will raise to the greater height ((JO feet) as much 
as 5 gallons of water per minute, or 7200 a day, when the 
force of the wind equals J-horsc-power, to acquire which the 
velocity must be from 6 to 7 miles an hour. The cost of the 
wind engine, with chain of pots and tank to hold 16,000 gallons, 
with horse-power appliances under the tank, as shown in the 
drawing, would probably reach 750/., including a supply-main 
down the village street for a distance of half-a-mile, but ex- 
cluding connections with the dwellings, and this sum, if repaid 
with interest in 30 years, will result in an annual charge of 15s. 
on all dwellings, supposing 60 to compose the village. This 
would probably result in rather a higher rate upon cottages 
than it has been before stated it would be desirable to charge; 
but in many cases the tank would not necessarily be raised 
above the ground, when the cost would be reduced very con- 
siderably. The number of days on which the wind would 
not have sufficient power to perform the required duty may 
possibly reach 100 in the whole year, but this depends so much 
on locality that no general rule can be stated. The cessation 
would seldom last more than a fortnight at the same time, and 
seeing that the service tank would hold 4 days' supply, and that 
the wind when at work would do duty during the night as well as 
the day, it may fairly be supposed that recourse would seldom 
be had to the supplemental power. When this should occur, a 
good strong horse working half a day would suffice to furnish the 
village with the supply of 4000 gallons, and thus 2 whole days*^ 
work would suffice to fill the tank of 16,000 gallons, or 4 days' 
supply. The current expenses beyond the payment of the 
instalment by which the original outlay would be repaid, would 
therefore be small, and there would be no difficulty in obtaining 
the use of a horse or two when required. 
The next lifting machine to which wind engines can be 
