Report on the Farm-Prize Competition, 1870. 259 
2ncl. Barley or Oats, half sown with Italian ryegrass or Dutch 
clover, the other half, with the exception of 4 acres, sown with 
broad clover. 
3rd. Seeds. — The Italian ryegrass is fed off by sheep, and is 
mown over once in the summer to sweeten it. 
The broad clover is mown or fed as it is wanted. Four acres 
are heavily manured and planted with cabbages. 
4th. Oats or Barley after the Italian ryegrass. Wheat after 
clover or cabbages. 
5th. Winter beans, spring beans, peas, and about 5 acres of 
maiigold-witrzel and siccdes to draw off for the beasts. Yellow 
tankard turnips are drilled between the rows of beans and peas. 
G. Wheat, where turnips are eaten off soon enough, otherwise 
barley. 
The above six-course system may be almost described as a 
four-course rotation extended. Although the roots and seeds 
are diminished and pulse substituted, still the land only pro- 
duces white corn every other year, and as turnips are sown 
between the rows of beans and peas after the last horse-hoeing, 
which in favourable seasons produce a large amount of sheep 
feed, the system appears to be very profitable without being 
exhausting. The amount of sheep feed raised is considerable, 
and as the green crops as well as the roots are all fed off by cake- 
eating sheep, high condition of the soil cannot fail to be produced. 
Mr. Treadwell does not adopt steam cultivation, but he ploughs 
all the land intended for roots very deeply, and frequently sub- 
soils it also. 
The mangold-wurzel appeared to be drilled rather close in the 
rows, 18 inches apart, on the flat; but Mr. Treadwell always 
uses Gibbs's Selected Golden Globe, which grows a very small 
top, and which he thinks admits of being grown in closer drills 
than other varieties. The crop we saw was very perfect in plant, 
and in spite of the extreme drought of the season, looked healthy 
and vigorous. 
The crops of wheat, barley, and oats ; except a very few patches 
upon the thinnest soil, were remarkably clean, heavy, and good ; 
plenty of straw, and large, well-filled ears. 
The wheats usually grown are Red Browick and Rivett ; 
none is sown till the beginning of November, when 2 bushels 
and 1 gallon per acre are drilled, and the quantity of seed is 
increased as the season advances to 2 bushels and 3 gallons. 
It is all hand-hoed twice in the spring, at a cost of 3^. 6(/. per 
acre each time. It is cut with a fagging-hook, at an average 
cost of lis. (irf. to 125. per acre, which includes tying and shocking. 
Chevalier Barley is always grown, and 3 bushels of seed per 
acre are sown as early in spring as the land will work well. 
