456 Report on the Trials of Implements at Oxford, 
hanging a short distance below the lower orifice of the chimney, so as to 
prevent the products of combustion from going direct up it. The cylinder and 
its top and bottom cover were steam-jacketed. There was no expansion valve. 
The jacket being at all times open to the boiler, so that whenever the steam 
was up the jacket was filled. The water arising from the condensed steam 
flowed back into the boiler as it was formed. The cast-iron base-plate was 
hollow on three of its sides, and served as a tank for the feed water. This 
water was heated by the admission of a portion of the waste steam, and the 
result appeared to be to raise the temperature very nearly to the boiling-point. 
The feed-pump was worked off a special eccentric, and was fully sufficient to 
meet the requirements of the boiler. There was a governor with throttle- 
Talve, and a hand regulator. This engine was fired and worked by Mr. 
Paxman, one of the exhibitors, who said it was the first time he had ever acted 
as stoker ; but he certainly did himself very great credit, and attended to the 
Judges' directions most minutely. He succeeded in obtaining a run of 2 hours 
19 minutes 42 seconds, computed off the break, equivalent to a con- 
sumption of 6"01 lbs. of coal per horse-power per hour. It should be ob- 
served that the boiler was thoroughly well cleaded The engine was not a 
showy engine by any means, but was well-designed and proportioned and well 
made. 
No. 16. The last engine tried in this class was that of Mr. W. N. Nicholson, 
4314. This had also a vertical boiler and the engine also was vertical, its 
cylinder was 6f inches diameter, by 1 foot stroke. The exhibitor elected to 
run 100 revolutions per minute. The engine was bolted to a cast-iron bed- 
plate, as was also the boiler, but otherwise they were not connected. The 
cylinder was below, and the piston worked an overhead crank-shaft. The 
boiler was cylindrical, 6 feet 8 inches high externally, by about 2 feet 9 inches 
diameter. It had an internal fire-box, slightly conical, with two transverse 
tubes placed on an incline, and, like Eobey's and Marshall's boilers, had tubes 
16 in number pendant from the crown of the fire-box, containing within them 
circulating tubes on a plan invented now upwards of thirty years ago by the 
late Jacob Perkins, of steam-gun notoriety ; but the circulating tubes were 
flanged out at their upper ends on Field's plan. There was a central chimney 
to the fire-box. The Ijoiler was without any cleading. There was only a single 
slide, and this was so set that the steam was admitted during very nearly the 
whole of the stroke, certainly -/gths of it. From such a construction as 
this only one result could be expected, and that result was obtained. The 
engine ran for 55'39 minutes (break time), thus showing a consumption of 
upwards of 14 lbs. of coal per horse-power per hour. There was not any ash- 
pit damper, nor any means whatever of regulating the consumption of fuel. 
As a mere matter of workmanship the engine appeared to be well made, and 
the parts to be very fairly proportioned ; but it showed a total want of ordinary 
scientific knowledge on the part of the constructors. 
Class 2. — Fixed Steam-Engines ahove A-horse power and not exceeding 
10-horse power, worked by an independent Boiler. 301. 
Seven engines of this class were entered for trial, but one did not make its 
appearance. The six that were tried were taken in the following order : — ' 
Awards. 
No. 
7172. Clayton and Shuttlcworth .. 
4010. Reading Iron Works Company 
7082. Marshall, Sons, and Co 
equal 
£. s. d. 
11 5 0 
11 5 0 
7 10 0 
