410 Report on Steam Cultivation at Neiocastle. 
by the deflexion of the middle pulley becoming less. The greater the tractive 
force, the less the deflection of the rope. The results are accurately registered, 
however variable they may be both as to time and intensity." Without care- 
fully prepared diagrams, which Mr. Amos has not had time to complete, it 
would be imj)ossible to explain the arrangements by which the indicator 
works.* 
As the Dynamometer was constructed to register only in one direction, the 
implement and rope was in each case drawn back with horses. The land was 
very rough, consisting of narrow high lands, across which the ploughs were 
drawn. This was a trial which severely proved the capacity of the imple- 
ments for sticking to their work, and the way in which the soil was moved 
through the furrows was particularly noticed. Steevens' Plough did not 
maintain its depth, turned over a rather broken furrow, and often almost 
missed the low ground. We are more and more satisfied that this implement, 
highly ingenious though it be, is not yet strong enough for heavy land ; it 
does not stick to its work either as a plough or cultivator should do. 
Messrs. Howard and Fowler both made much better work. The principle 
on which the Balance Plough is made, seems the best yet invented for general 
purposes. In this class Messrs. Howard exhibited a Two-furrow Plough, 
similar in construction to the ordinary plough, but intended to work at an 
extra depth. We have no doubt that in deep fen-land, or where, as in the 
South of France, very deep ploughing is desirable, this implement would 
prove very efficient. The subjoined Table will explain the actual results in 
each case. 
Name. 
Number 
in 
Catalogue. 
Price. 
Djstance 
run in 
Yards. 
Time 
occupied. 
Draft 
of Plough 
in lbs. 
Horse-power 
employed. 
Steevens 
J. and F. Howard 
1310 
1544 
1609 
£. 
65 | 
- { 
80 | 
98 
84 
107 
103 
96 
95 
mln. sec. 
1 10 
1 20 
1 28 
1 20 
1 25 
1 15 
1654-9 
1495-6 
1307* 
1357-9 
1507-9 
1614- 
12-G4 
8-56 
8- 73 
9- 6 
7*17 
9-84 
The last column shows the average horse-power required to work each 
implement; one horse-power is by definition a force which will lift 33,000 lbs. 
one foot high in one minute. 
Award : — 
First Prize, 201, to John Fowler. 
Second Prize, 101., to J. and F. Howard. 
Silver Medal to W. Steevens, for Improvements in Steam Plough. 
We Highly Commend J. and F. Howard for Two-furrow Plough (1611). 
Class IV. 
Cultivators for Steam Power. 
This was one of the most interesting features of the trials, especially when we 
consider the importance of the Cultivator in relation to steam power. Five imple- 
ments were entered for competition. Messrs. Howard's Engine, Windlass, &c. 
were employed, and one land of clover stubble given for each trial ; the revo- 
* Diagrams and a full description of the Newcastle Dynamometer will appear 
in the next number of the Journal. 
