Report on Steam Cultivation at Newcastle. 415 
evident that so long as the speed was equal, and the same amount of soil 
moved in each case, the result must present a true verdict. There were four 
competitors, Messrs. Coleman and Morton, W. Savory and Son, with the 
double Windlass Engine, John Fowler, and J. and F. Howard. The draft was 
taken in both directions, except in the last turn with Messrs Howard's 
Windlass, when one of the plough-shares came in contact with a fast stone, 
the body or skife broke ; and the lateness of the hour, 8 - 30, prevented any 
further trial. 
J laving ascertained the upward draft, we could easily make deductions for 
the lighter draft when coming down hill, similar to those which the other 
trials warranted. 
Name. 
Num- 
ber in 
Cata- 
logue. 
Dis- 
tance 
run ni 
Yards. 
Time 
occu- 
pied. 
Actual 
Horse- 
power 
em- 
ployed. 
Cubic 
Feet, of 
Earth 
moved. 
Total Units 
of Power 
expended. 
Units of Power 
Expended in 
moving 1 Cubic 
Foot of Earth. 
Direc- 
tion 
run. 
Coleman and Morton . 
Ditto. 
548 
128 
133-8 
M. S. 
2 0 
2 10 
11-86 
11-36 
560 
607-25 
782760 
809740 
1397-7 
1333-4 
Uphill. 
Down. 
Savory and Sons . . 
Ditto. . . 
708 
140-5 
145-4 
1 30 
1 25 
21-04 
20-00 
614-6 
636-1 
1,041480 
934560 
1694-5 
1469-2 
Uphill. 
Down. 
1541 
141-9 
151-8 
1 55 
1 55 
14-6 
13-1 
620-8 
664-1 
923128 
839900 
1486-9 
1294-8 
Uphill. 
Down. 
1608 
131-3 
1 55 
14-6 
574-4 
923 123 
1607-1 
1398-6 
(as estimated). 
Uphill. 
Down. | 
The reader's attention is requested to the actual horse-power employed, and 
the units of power required to move 1 cubic foot of earth. It may be well to 
notice that in Fowler's case the winding apparatus of a 7-horse engine was 
employed, and yet the power required to work a 3-furrow plough was equal fo 
14 horses. Howard's windlass, to be driven by a nominal 10-horsc engine, 
takes also 14-horse power. So much for nominal horse-power ! We gather 
from these experiments the importance of having plenty of power. This 
horse-power, however, must not be taken as representing the exact power that 
would be consumed, because the question is affected by the speed arrangements 
of the different systems. 
. We made the following awards : — 
First Prize to John Fowler £15 
Second „ J. and F. Howard 10 
Third „ W. Savory and Sons .. .. 5 
Class VII. 
Steam Anchors. 
There was very little competition in this class. The only novelty that was 
exhibited being Collinsou Hall's Anchor, already described ; and as he withdrew 
his apparatus from competition, we had no opportunity of testing its merits. 
The Anchor arrangements of Messrs. Fowler, Howard, and Coleman, were 
brought thoroughly under our notice in the various trials, and we had no 
difficulty in deciding that a Self-moving Anchor was in principle superior to 
any other, and therefore awarded the — 
Prize of 201. to John Fowler. 
2 g 2 
