CEOPS IN A SEVEN-COUESE ROTATION. 
525 
Probable System and Cost of Tillage. 
Cost, of 
Field. 
Cost 
per Acre. 
Cultivate with Colanan's Cultivator, using smallest size triangular share, close behind the sheep, 
S horses first time, and cross the work With 4 horses afterwards. Harrow with heavy 
harrows, ;t horses; roll down with pair horse roll. Labour— clearing round the field, 
drawing out and ploughing, 2 horses; throe harrowings before drill and or.e after, 2 horses; 
light roll, striking up furrows, water furrowing, digging corners. 
Expenses taken from Farm Account Book over 9 acres 
Plough in a fair time before Christmas, 3 horses; just break down the top with one harrowing 
the lirst. dry time after February sets in, 2 horses ; twice cultivate with llarley Cultivator, 
4 horses ; the land being in 8 feet ridges the horses may he keptfO//" the land. Twice harrow 
With heavy harrows before the drill, 4 horses ; drill 1 4 rows on 8 feet, 3 horses ; light harrow 
twice after drill; draw up furrows, water furrow, dig corners, women to pick and clear the 
land. 
Expenses taken over 20 acres 
Winter BEAMS, Filling, carting, and spreading lfi loads per acre raw dung; ploughing, 
.'! horses; twice harrow, 4 horses; once, 2 horses before drill; drill Trows on 8 feet with 
double tins, I horses; light harrows twice after, 2 horses; furrow plough, water furrow, dig 
corners. Labour — picking and clearing round field. 
Expenses taken on 8 acres 
SrniNf. Beans and Pease, filling, and carting 240 loads to heap; turning, filling and carting 
17t> loads on the land ; spreading, ploughing, 3 horses ; water furrow for winter; dig corners 
and clear round field; Spring-work, twice harrow, 4 horses; once, 2 horses; use Barky 
Cultivator if necessary. Drill 7 rows with 4 horses ; light harrow twice after, 2 horses ; 
draw furrows, water-furrow, kc. 
Expenses taken over 12 acres 
Wintku Oats. Break up spring bean land with Coleman, 6 horses, crossing with 4 horses, 
selecting such points, chisels or shares as will enter the groimd well; twice harrow with 
2 horses ; roll with pair horse-roll; light harrow; horse rake, picking and burning, filling, 
carting, and spreading 14 loads per acre raw farmyard dung ; plough, 3 horses ; twice harrow, 
3 horses; drill 12 rows on 8 feet; light harrow twice after; strike furrows, water furrows, cut 
and clear round field. 
Expenses taken over 8 acres 
SritiNO Oats. Clean the winter bean and pea-land in the Autumn, but don't break it. Tillage 
the same as for spring beans. 
F>xpenscs taken on 8 acres 
Reserve land for sufficient tares for cart horses, colts and cows ; take also what is required 
to provide spring feed for ewes and lambs, and sow with Sutton's improved Italian rye-grass ; 
this will come to the scythe or feed when the (ares are done. Sow what clean clover is 
expedient, and seed the rest down with a mixture adapted to the soil, and that will make a 
good firm bottom, this will be the last to break up for roots. 2 horses roll, mix seeds for 
drill; drill, 2 horses; roll 1. 
Expenses taken on 10 acres 
Mangolds. 4 acres mucked before harvest, IS loads per acre, long muck ; filling, carting, and 
spreading; mow and cut, round field, plough the whole, 3 horses ; water-furrow for winter. 
Filling and carting 80 loads to heap for remaining 4 acres ; turning ditto back in a dry 
time, 3 horses ; harrow once heavy drags, 4 horses ; cultivate with 4 horses, llarley Culti- 
vator. Filling, carting, and spreading on 4 acres; roll down, draw out and plough, 2 horses; 
roll, 2 horses; harrow, 2 horses; burning and carting earth; mixing, filling, and carting 
manure to field, IS loads; drill, 3 horses; roll, 1 horse. 
Expenses taken on 8 acres 
Clover Land for Swedes and Hardy Ttjrnips. Plough as deep as soil will permit) 
3 horses, in March or April; harrow twice directly the land will work, and again in a 
fortnight; or use barley cultivator if the land will work without raising the sod, 3 horses ; 
put manure on with distributor, and harrow in same time, before the drill, 2 horses, and 
2 horses; burning ashes, sifting and mixing manure, carting ashes home and manure to the 
field ; drill, 3 horses ; roll, 1 horse. 
Expenses taken on 8 acres 
Rye-grass for TunNirs. Plough first time in January or February, 3 horses; water furrow ; 
turn back in March, 3 horses; harrow twice with heavy drags weighted, 4 horses, when the 
land will work. Cultivate across twice with Coleman's clod crush, 3 horses ; harrow, 2 horses ; 
roll, I horse; women picking docks and grass; plough for crop, 2 horses; burning earth, 
sifting, and carting earth home, 1 horse ; mixing, cart to field, preparing land for the drill! 
distribute manure, 2 horses; harrow, 2 horses; roll, 1 horse; drill, 3 horses; light roll 
1 horse. 
Expenses taken on 8 acres 
£. s. d. 
10 15 0 
18 8 6 
12 0 4 
24 17 7 
£. s. d. 
1 4 3 
0 IS 5 
1 11 3 
2 1 6 
15 10 2 
12 2 9 
1 18 9 
1 17 10 
fare land preparation 
on 8 acres. 
14 10 
0 19 4 J 
20 7 6 
8 15 9 
16 0 4 
2 10 11 
1 2 0 
2 0 0* 
VOL. XXV. 
2 o 
