90 
Obsei'vations on the various Insects 
visible. It is considered that the object of this operation is to 
protect themselves from their enemies^ as well as from transitions 
of the temperature. At this lime the caterpillars are about 5 
lines long (fig. 3), of a pale ochreous colour, composed of 13 
segments, with 6 pectoral, 8 abdominal, and 2 anal feet: the 
head is horny, shining, and red-brown, and there are 4. dark 
transverse marks on the first thoracic segment, being two sections 
of a circle broken in the middle (fig. 4, magnified). It is in 
August or September that the caterpillars have arrived at matu- 
rity, when they leave the corn-heaps and search for a safe and 
suitable place to undergo their metamorphosis, and at this period 
they are usually most observed. They form their cocoons (fig. 5) 
by gnawing the wood, and working it up with their web, in any 
chink in the floor, walls, or roof, which are frequently swarming 
with them, and these cocoons being the form and size of a grain 
of corn look like one dusted over. It there remains in its snug 
and warm berth, in the larva state, through the winter, and does 
not change to a chrysalis until the month of March following, 
and in a backward spring not until May. The pupa (fig. 6) is 
of a deep chestnut colour, the abdominal rings being of a shining 
yellow tmt, and the apex is furnished with two little points (fig. 7, 
the same magnified^. In two or three weeks after they have 
assumed the pupa form the moth hatches, with almost perfect 
wings at its birth, I have heard, leaving the empty chrysalis stick- 
ing half out of the cocoon (fig. 8). 
This moth (fig. 9) belongs to the Order Lepidoptera ; 
Fam. TineiDjE; the Genus Tinea, and bears the Linnaean 
name of — 
6. Tinea granella. It is of a cream-white with a satiny lustre: 
the head hairy and tufted, concealing the eyes from above ; these 
are hemispherical and slate- coloured : antennae rather shorter 
than the body, setaceous, composed of innumerable subquadrate 
joints, pubescent, and clothed with depressed scales : tongue or 
spiral proboscis very sliort and scaly outside : maxillary palpi arti- 
culated, but very minute ;* labial palpi long, scaly, drooping, diva- 
ricating, and triarticulate, ■2nd jomt the longest and stoutest, 3rd 
more slender, elliptic-conical : thorax clothed with scales : abdo- 
men linear and blunt at the tip in the male, in which sex the 
organ of generation is sometimes exserted like a fine long sting ; 
the apex is conical in the female, with a telescopiform ovipositor : 
wings very much deflexed or sloping, like the roof of a house, 
with the fringe curved up in repose (fig. 9) ; superior longish 
and lanceolate, with many deep rich brown irregular spots, 
* It appears to me that these organs are most fully developed in the 
females. 
