On Measure Work. 
127 
^ling out drilled turnips, is 3s. per acre ; that of the second 
hoeing, 'is. 6c?. : but when the seed is broadcast, or the dis- 
tance from drill to drill but small, the cost of singling out will be 
more. Though turnips planted on the ridge-system are at a 
greater distance than those drilled on the flat, yet we find, from 
the necessity there is of pulling the ridges down with the hoe, 
that the cost is quite as much. In hoeing between the drills 
of turnips, when the land is soft, the Dutch or thrust hoe may 
be used at a cost of about Is. 6c/. per acre, where the distance 
between the drills is 18 inches. Turnip-hoeing is best done by 
men accustomed to the work, with whom a bargain is made for 
the completion of the work in a proper manner ; the first and 
second (and third, if wanted) may be done on our land by the 
same party, at a cost of from 5s. to 6s. an acre. 
Beet-hoeing is paid at about the same rate as hoeing turnips, 
viz., from 5s. to 6s. an acre, for twice going over : a third hoeing 
is often required, at a cost of 2s. %d. an acre. More than half an 
acre of the first hoeing or singling of turnips and beet is gene- 
( rally performed by a man in a day of ten hours and a half ; 
though, as the labour is not very severe, women and men unable 
to do very hard work are frequently employed. The turnip- 
(hoer may derive much assistance from his children, by having a 
small boy or girl to follow him and single the plants which have 
been left double by the hoe. 
Hoeing Carrots. — Carrots are extensively grown in the sandy 
soils of Norfolk and Suffolk, and no doubt would be grown 
much more if it were not for the enormous expense in the labour 
of hoeing and weeding ; this might in some degree be lessened, if 
the drill system of growing carrots were adopted in preference to 
sowing the seed broadcast. The cultivation of carrots generally 
gives employment to the undertaker and his gang, who is usually 
paid for his services by half the crop, or at the rate of 2d. a 
bushel : for this he finds and sows the seed, does all the weed- 
ing, hoeing, and takes up and stores away the crop. In fact, he 
does everything, with the exception of tillage and carting. The 
number of bushels is ascertained by the number of cartloads car- 
ried away. However, when carrots are drilled, the cost of hoe- 
ing will be considerably less ; 1 have known the price for twice 
hoeing (which includes singling out) drilled carrots at 10 inches 
to be no more than lO.y. an acre. 
Hoeing IVheat. — From la. to 3s. per acre are here paid for hoeing 
between the drills of wheat. A man accustomed to hoeing will 
' get over three-quarters of an acre in a day : and, as an instance 
of this, it took two men exactly four days each to hoe 6 acres on 
I, a gravelly soil, the drills being about 7 inches apart; they were 
} paid 2^. 6rf. per acre. A bargain is sometimes made for leaving 
