Advantages of One-horxe Carts over VVa(j<jons. 225 
about eighteen inches wide, which is easily done by driving each 
alternate horse first on one side then on the other ; by attending to 
this for a while at first it will soon get as smooth as a turnpike- 
road. If there are any steep hills a trace-horse ought to be used, 
but return as soon as at the top to help another horse, so as to 
serve as an assistant to them all in succession. 
It is evident that there is a great loss of horse-labour with two- 
horse carts ; first, in their not being able to draw so much out per 
horse, for as three one-horse carts will take out as much as two 
double-horse carts, there is a loss of one horse in four, equal to \s. 
per yard ; against which must be set an extra driver, costing 6tZ. 
per day, equal to 2c?. per yard ; leaving lOcf. per horse in favour 
of one-horse carts, or about one-fourth. 
Secondly, there is a great sacrifice of time in tipping the load, 
which will be increased from five minutes (the time taken in 
tipping a one-horse load) to seven minutes and a half, during 
which time two horses will be kept waiting, which is equal to 
fifteen minutes of one horse, causing a loss of ten minutes of one 
horse in the tipping of the extra cubic yard of manure, which 
ought only to be two-and-a-half, at the same ratio as the time 
occupied in tipping a yard, making a clear loss of seven minutes 
and a half, in which time the horse would have travelled back 
3 furlongs. 
Perhaps this disadvantage will be better illustrated by the fol- 
lowing table, taking the distance to be travelled in furlongs, and 
counting each boy driving as the fourth of a man tipping, and a 
man's wages at 2a-. per day, and the expense of each horse at 3^, 
a day, of nine hours. 
One- 
Two- 
One- 
Two- 
One- 
Two- 
horse 
horse 
horse 
horse 
horse 
horse 
Carts. 
Carts. 
Carts. 
Carts. 
Carts. 
Carts. 
3 
3 
3 
3' 
7 
7 
Time of travelling a revolution 
15 
15 
15 
15 
35 
35 
3 
3 
5 
5 
9 
9 
3 
2 
5 
3 
9 
5 
2 
2 
4 
4 
• 4 
4 
10 
15 
5 
74 
'5 
n 
Men tiiiping and drivintj . . . . 
li 
1 
If 
li 
Total Time taken to each revolution . 
5 
7fL 
5 
7i 
5 
50 
30 
371 
25 
30 
45 
Number of Loads drawn .... 
54 
-29 
lOS 
54 
108 
54 
Number of Yards drawn .... 
54 
43^ 
lOS 
81 
108 
81 
s. d. 
s. d. 
s. d. 
,s. <i. 
s. rf. 
s. d. 
9 0 
15 0 
15 0 
27 0 
27 0 
6 6 
6 0 
11 6 
10 6 
13 C 
11 (! 
15 6 
15 0 
■26 6 
•25 (i 
40 fi 
38 6 
Expense of caning thirty yards 
8 71 
10 2f 
7 41 
9 5 
11 3 
14 3 
Saving by one-horse carts per acre 
1 7i 
2 0:f- 
3 0 
VOL. VII. 
Q 
