affecting the Peas and Beans, 
411 
palatable; and he says he has found this one of the most success- 
ful modes of checking the ravages of the Turnip-fly, 
Maggots or Flies in Pea-leaves. 
When the plants have attained a good growth, one sees on the 
leaves little faded patches, with a minute brown speck in the 
centre (fig. 11, e,f). On examining these spots with a glass, it is 
at once clear that they are the little brown pupae of a fly, the 
same as those which infested the turnip-leaves, the larvae feeding 
on the parenchyma or pulp. As they have been already described 
in this Journal under the name of PJajtomyza nigricornis, I need 
only refer to my Report for their history.* 
Maggots of a Moth in Peas. 
When the peas have escaped the enemies we have described, 
or survived their attacks, they are not safe from the inroads of 
other insects. In wet seasons, as in 1845, the pods became 
diseased and thickened in August (fig. 12), and on opening them 
I found only one or two abortive peas (fig. g'), with numbers of 
little white maggots adhering to the inner surface (fig. /«). When 
magnified these larvae are found to be composed of 13 segments, 
including the head, which is small (fig. 13). 
This, however, is a casualty probably of rare occurrence, and 
altogether escaped in fine seasons ; but there is another maggot 
which never fails to annoy the grower of this valuable vegetable. 
Disease is not required to engender these caterpillars, for the 
fuller and healthier the pods, the more likely are they to contain 
the insect we allude to. If our surprise has been naturally ex- 
cited at the little that is known of the transformations of the Pea- 
weevils, how much more extraordinary is it that no author, that I 
am aware of, has even ventured to hint at the name of the parent 
of these disgusting maggots, which are amongst the oldest ene- 
mies to the crop, sparing neither field nor garden peas, and an- 
nually making their appearance. I have frequently tried to rear 
them, but with no success ; the nearest approach was made by 
a friend, who found one had spun a silken web of the finest 
texture, between a piece of paper in a chip box, but the cater- 
pillar then died. 
^Vorm-eaten green peas are no doubt familiar to every house- 
keeper as well as to the cultivator, for who has not observed that 
when that excellent pulse is getting old or going off, numbers of 
the peas are infested by maggots in the pods ? There is a cavity 
in the pea (fig. 14) which has been eaten by a caterpillar (fig. 
J 5), who, if not present at the time, generally leaves ample evi- 
dence of tiie meal he has made (fig. i). 
* Royal Agric. Jour., vol. iii. p. 69, pi. D, f. 31—3.3. 
vol. VII. 2 F 
