affecting the Peax and Bcan.^. 
430 
lli/thia colonella, live upon the larvae of the bees and consume 
iheir honey. 
Peas smothered with Aphides, called lice or Green dolphin. 
Beans infested with Aphides, known as the Black dolphin or 
Collier. 
In 1833 the bean crops were nearly destroyed by tliem in York- 
shire. 
The first week in June they were all apterous, in the second 
week loinged specimens appeared. 
Beans should be topped on their first appearance, and the tops 
collected and burnt. 
The Black dolphin also infests scarlet and French beans as late 
as October. 
They exhaust the plants by imbibing the sap. 
The larvae of lady-birds, the maggots of Jlies, and of minute 
Ichneumons, destroy the plant-lice. 
Peas and beans attacked by beetles called Bruchus, and bugs 
by the farmers. 
These beetles are nearly confined to the seeds of leguminous or 
pod-bearing plants. 
Bruchus pisi, a native of JVorth America, introduced into the 
South of Europe, and frequently found in imported peas. 
Owing to the ravages of this insect in the United States, the 
culture of this crop was altogether abayidoned. 
The female deposits an egg in almost every pea Avhen the plants 
are in bloom. 
The maggot feeds in the pea during the lointer and part of the 
summer. 
The beetles are hatched in the spring, sometimes in the autumn, 
when they force their way out of the cell through the skin of the 
pea, which had been previously cut by the maggot. 
They are often found dead in the peas and beans. 
Bruchus granarius is the species infesting our own crops, and 
imported with seed annually. 
It appeared on some beans grown from inoculaited foreign seed. 
It is abundant on the ftirze when in flower, and many other 
plants. 
The w.aggots sometimes destroy more than half the crop in parts 
of Kent. 
They swarm in May, and are found in August and probably 
later, lor one imported with Russian beans was alive in No- 
vember. 
Peas and every variety of garden and field beans are subject to 
their attacks. 
Infested beans often exhibit no external signs of the presence of 
the Bruchus to the uninitiated. 
