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XXXVII 1. — Agriculture of North Wales. By Thomas 
rowlandsox. 
Prize Report. 
Extent, Population, ^'C. 
North Wales is divided into six counties, of which the following 
is the superficial extent according to the trigonometrical survey. 
The population is taken from the census of 1841 : — 
COUNTY. 
Numlw^r of 
Acres of 
Arable 
Land. ! 
Number of 
Acres of 
Pasture 
Land. 
Xumber of 
Acre's of 
Woods and 
Waste. ; 
TOTAL. 
Population. 
Anglesea . . 
Carnarvon , 
Denbighshire . 
Flnit .... 
Merionethshire . 
Montgomeryshire 
Did not ascertain these i 
100,000 148,160 
150,000 230,000 
•20,000 1 110,000 
50,000 j 300,000 
60,000 180,000 
jurticulars. 
100,000 
5,120 
26,160 
74,320 
•296,960 
173,440 
348,160 
403,120 
136,160 
424,320 
536,960 
50,891 
81,093 
88,866 
66,919 
39,332 
69,219 
380,000 
988,160 
502,560 
2,044,160 
396 , 320 
It thus appears, that although North Wales possesses nearly 
one third greater acreable extent than Lincolnshire, it exceeds 
that county very little in amount of population, whilst Wales has 
the further advantage of being an important mineral district, 
great numbers being employed in the copper, coal, iron, lead, 
zinc, slate, and manganese works, compared with another mineral 
district, Cornwall, its relative population is very small, being 
nearly three times the superficial extent of the latter named 
county, whilst it only outnumbers it by 55,041 inhabitants, which 
number will nearly approximate to persons dependent on the flan- 
nel, cotton, and other manufactures carried on in North Wales. 
From these comparisons the reader will be prepared to admit 
that the agricultural population of North Wales is amongst the 
lowest in proportion to its extent of any portion of England and 
Wales ; this is mainly on account of the agriculture of North 
Wales being principally pastoral. I shall have occasion again to 
recur to the subject. 
Varieties of Soil, St'c. 
It would be impossible, within the prescribed limits of a report, 
minutely to describe, according to their respective localities, the 
different varieties of soil existing in a country like North Wales, 
extending over a superficial area exceeding 2,000,000 acres, and 
embracing almost every description of known soil, whose surface 
has been broken and contorted by the upheaval, at intervals of 
immense distances of time from each other, of enormous masses 
of porphvry, day, and transition slate, tnip, grauwackc, lime, and 
