592 On the Double Culture of Turnips heticeen Feus. 
to outset 36s. worth of guano, an item not too much, if not now in 
every case required where a good crop of turnips is obtained otf a 
clean summerland. 
It is somewhat difhcult to say what sort of pea, produce and 
market-price considered, is best for the purpose. A trial of 
different kinds, unless made under similar circumstances and in 
the same season, is liable to produce variable results with varying 
years. The kind need not be governed by the seedsmen's wants 
or contract, nor w ill a contract always be advisable ; as for instance, 
the high prices of this season have been much above contract 
figure. The early frames (such as blossom double on the stalk) 
appear at present the best sorts known : the requisites are early 
ripening, short and delicate bine, which will not leaf or house the 
turnips too much, but allow them to grow through. Sufficient, 
but not too much turnip-seed should be put in ; too much, or 
crowding, tends to spindling, and entangling for setting ont. 
After the peas are in rows the turnip plants require a day or two 
to look up or to sit up for the hoeing out. A slanting iron is 
better than an upright one above the plate of the horse-hoe, being 
less liable to gather weeds and dirt, and earth the turnips. 
The above culture requires a good working soil, and rolled 
lightly and fine after the peas are up : if the ground is cloddy 
when the turnips are put in (being necessarily unturned and 
drier than the seed-furrow of a summerland) the proper growth 
of the seed cannot be depended upon without continued moist 
weather. 
I am also in the practice of growing cole between beans, and 
generally get some good keep in that way. The shorter the 
bean-straw of course the more air to the young plants, the beans 
being manured well in their proper course, and dropped at 10 
furrows to the rod: cole seed is put in between the rows after 
earthing with a handbarrow, a boy following the man with a 
coarse, narrow-headed rake. Tiie cole should not be too thick or 
crowded in the rows ; it is afterwards horse-hoed, and forms a 
second crop : being fed off perhaps with lambs with cut meat, or, 
as it may happen, a small allowance of corn, a month's keep may 
be obtained tor them by this means, closing and improving the 
land for wheat, and keeping off the turnips till a later period. 
I am, !Sir, yours obediently, 
C'llAKLKS HaNNAM. 
Deal, Kent, Dec. mil, 1846. 
