at the Nmcastle-upon-Tyne Meetiiifj, 1846. 
693 
the year following drained three acres of land with them, and 
they now act as well or better than they did at first. Those I 
used were one and a quarter inch bore." Further, — " In my 
first experiments I pierced holes round about the pipes, and at 
the latter end of summer, when they had lain about two or three 
years, a heavy storm ca'.ne, and I discovered a stoppage. Upon 
taking up the pipes at that spot I found one nearly filled with 
hard worm casts, which being cleared out, I have not been 
further troubled by obstruction." It appears, however, that a 
neighbour of Mr. Hervey's found some roots had entered by 
these flate-\io\c5 in some pipes crossing under a fence. With 
these exceptions Mr. Hervey's drains are as perfect, and the 
pipes as sound, as the day they were laid. He, of course, 
immediately abandoned the vicious practice of boring holes, from 
the idea that water could not get into the pipes fast enough at 
the junction of each pair ; but this experience of the inutility of 
holes, and of the injury which may be produced by openings of 
only a quarter of an inch diameter, shows the attention which 
drainers should pay to using those pipes only which are well 
made, and well fitting at their ends. 
It has also come to the writer's knowledge that the late Mr. 
Boulton, of Tew, Oxfordshire, used pipes of one inch bore, three 
feet long, made of porcelain, by Mr. Wedgwood, of Etruria, for 
the conveyance of clear spring-water to his house, in tlie year 
1826. 'i"he ends of these pipes were closely fitted into each 
other, being water-tight, and under pressure, the joint having 
been made by turning one end and boring the other by means 
of machinery made at the celebrated manufactory of Messrs. 
Boulton and Watt, of Soho, Birmingham.- 
Finding these pipes answer so well for conv^eying water, they- 
were subsequently used plain as at present — without boring and 
turning the ends — to drain land, and, the writer is informed, with 
perfect success up to this period. 
Clod Crushers and Rollers. — In this department no compe- 
titor appeared against Mr. Crosskill's roller, of which he exhi- 
bited numerous specimens, varying in size and weight, and 
adapted to the different purposes to which experience has proved 
the implement to be usefully applicable. The sum of money 
placed at the free disposal of the judges being, on this occasion, 
much more limited than at previous meetings — and no prize 
having been offered by the Society for rollers of any kind — the 
judges appended to their list of awards an unanimous expression 
of the estimate formed by them of the merit of this clod- crusher 
or roller, including a hope that the Council would reward its 
inventor with the Society's gold medal for its introduction, and 
for the several successive improvements made upon it by him. 
