in the North-west of France. 
89 
furrows between the ritlges, and thus do not come into actual 
contact until the growing plants, as is the case when they are 
grown on the flat. Generally, two parallel rows of cabbages, 
cauliflowers, &c., are planted on each ridge ; and scarcely a 
crop is to be seen without another and smaller or later crop 
coming forward between the plants of what may be termed the 
main crop. Those peculiarities in the methods of cultivation 
and irrigation, in addition to the porous nature of the soil, have 
probably much to do with the successful application of sewage 
to market-garden crops at Gennevilliers. 
It must be admitted, however, that many of the market- 
gardeners at Gennevilliers give evidence of the abundance and 
strength of the sewage by becoming careless of the growth of 
weeds. That the foulness of much of the land was not a necessity 
of the system or the season, was made manifest to me by a visit 
to the land in the occupation of the authorities of the city of 
Paris, This is, indeed, a garden, whether judged by the 
abundance of the crops, the variety of the plants cultivated, or 
the cleanliness of the land. 
According to a report of a Commission appointed by the 
Prefect of the Seine to inquire into the results of the application 
of sewage to market-garden crops, it appears that general yields 
were 30 to 50 tons per acre of cabbages, 48 tons of beetroots, from 
20 to over 50 tons of carrots, and G tons of haricot beans. But 
these figures by no means represent the total produce of the 
land in the course of the year, for not only is there generally an 
intercalated crop, but after the cabbages, tScc, are sold off there 
is generally time to take another crop between the plants of 
what was the " intercalated crop," but which after the sale of 
the cabbages becomes the main crop. Of other and more 
valuable crops than those already quoted, the following yields 
are given: — Artichokes 14,000 to 32,000 heads per acre: 
cauliflowers, 8000 to 12,000 heads, weighing from 14 to 16 tons ; 
garlic, 15 tons ; celery, more than 40 tons ; onions, 24 to 32 
tons; leeks, 24 tons; potatoes, 12 to 16 tons; pumpkins, 48 to 
56 tons ; and salsify, 4000 to 5000 bundles, weighing as much 
as 10 tons. The reporter of the Commission adds, that if these 
figures are compared with the produce of land not irrigated, the 
difference will be found in some cases to be even five times in 
favour of the irrigated land. Not less satisfactory have been the 
results obtained from the growth of scent-bearing and savoury 
herbs; for instance, peppermint has yielded from 16 to 20 tons 
per acre in two cuttings, absinthe from 44 to 48 tons, and 
angelica over 11 tons the second year. The quality of the herbs 
and vegetables has been found excellent from every point of 
