274 Beport on an Inquiry into the Natiire, Causes, and 
most ably assisted by Mr. George Banliam, M.R.C.V.S., Vete- 
rinary Surgeon to the Brown Institution. 
It is necessary to state that the investigation is still in 
progress, many subjects awaiting further opportunities of 
obtaining material for examination and experiment ; and a 
doubtful opinion must therefore be expressed on many points, 
which we hope will be cleared up by future observation. 
Anthkax and Antheacoid Diseases. 
In addition to the disease of cattle most commonly known to 
English agriculturists and stockowners as splenic apoplexy or 
anthrax, there are a considerable number of forms of disease 
which affect either cattle, sheep, or horses, and more rarely other 
animals, both in this country and in other parts of the world, 
to which the common term " anthracoid," allied to or resembling 
anthrax, is applied. Widely diffused as are these diseases, and 
enormous as is the mortality caused by their attack, we know 
as yet but little either of their causes or their relation to each 
other. It was felt that in an inquiry having for its chief 
object the determination of the causes and prevention of splenic 
fever, it would be very important to ascertain, as far as possible, 
the nature of these other forms of anthrax, and the conditions 
under which they occur, as they might very probably give some 
clue to the causes of splenic fever. 
In England the disease known as Quarter-Ill, Quarter-Evil, 
Black Quarter, and under many other names, is the one concern- 
ing the nature and causes of which the greatest doubt exists. 
In France and Germany, and on the Continent generally, the 
various forms thus separated in England are usually classed 
together ; in France, going under the name of Charbon, Mai de 
rate, or Sang de rate ; in Germany, as Milzbrand, Karbunkel- 
krankheit and Anthrax. The different forms are sometimes 
more precisely defined, as I shall show later. 
In Russia, the " Siberian Plague " is the name under which 
the common disease is known, the name having probably arisen 
from the supposed resemblance of the disease when communi- 
cated to man to the true or Levantine Plague. This Siberian 
plague is very widely spread, reaching throughout Siberia, oc- 
curring at scattered spots in Russia, and southwards as far as the 
Caspian. 
In India there are two or three diseases which appear to be 
closely allied to splenic fever. In the Punjab there is the disease 
of horses known as Loodiana fever. Elsewhere a similar disease 
is highly fatal to elephants and camels. The Hara Murree, or 
Pali Plague, and the Bharsati disease are two other perhaps 
