Prevention of Splenic Fever, Sfc, at the Brown Institution. 295 
signate it in different counties. Quarter-Ill, Joint-Ill, Quarter- 
Felon, Speed, Hasty, Puck, or Pook, Schewl, and Inflammatory 
Fever, all appear to be merely local appellations for the same 
disease. A similar affection is described as Erysipelas car- 
hunculosum (Armitage), Emplujsema infectiosum (Bollinger) ; and 
in Germany it would appear to be classed as only a variety 
of anthrax, as " Milzbrand Karbunkel," or " Milzbrand Em~ 
physem," and " Rauschbrand." In France the corresponding 
form is called " (Udeme charbonneuse," or " CEdeme malin." 
But I cannot positively assert that any of these names indicate 
a disease identical with Quarter Evil. 
Although the disease is well-known to most stock-owners, and 
in many parts of the country occurs with great regularity at 
certain periods of the year in some pastures, it is desirable that 
I should mention the principal common features of the disease 
under consideration, in order that no confusion may arise. 
This is the more necessary, as most authors do not separate this 
disease from anthrax, but consider it is only one manifestation 
of that disease. I shall point out that there are certain differ- 
ences from anthrax, in the conditions of its occurrence, its mode 
of apparent spread, and its pathological appearances, which are 
sufficiently marked to suggest a provisional separation from 
anthrax. 
For many of the facts with regard to this disease I am indebted 
to my colleague, Mr. Banham, who has seen a good deal of it in 
Cambridgeshire. 
The animals usually affected are cattle under two years of age. 
Young sheep are occasionally victims to it. 
It occurs chiefly at certain periods of the year, especially the 
spring and early summer, though not by any means necessarily 
limited to that time, cases sometimes occurring in October, and 
its chief prevalence is amongst young cattle recently put out to 
graze. In some districts there are certain pastures, even certain 
fields or paddocks, in which cases occur regularly year after 
year, whilst in other fields cases never break out. So far as the 
information received extends, these pastures are commonly low- 
lying lands, with defective drainage, clay and calcareous soils 
being especially favourable to its development. 
Whatever the cause of the disease, it would appear, if infec- 
tious at all, to be so only to a very slight degree. In some 
places cases occur sporadically year after year, only one or two 
animals dying, and the others remaining perfectly healthy, re- 
moval from the field to another being the only precaution 
required. Sometimes a number of animals succumb, but it 
rarely extends beyond one farm or one lot of stock. 
The first symptom observed is that the animal isolates itself 
