Prevention of Splenic Fever, &c., at the Brown Institution. 305 
jelly. It was then found that they had each at least six lashes, 
sometimes apparently eight, two of these being at the caudal 
extremity, and the remaining four attached to the anterior 
extremity, and, so far as I could see, around the oral aperture. 
These cilia or flagella were extremely delicate, so as hardly to 
be visible without staining. In length they were from 5 /z, to 
8 fj,, or nearly twice as long as the length of the body. After 
staining, the body of some presented numerous fine granules, 
perhaps due to coagulation of the protoplasm ; in each one the 
anterior extremity stained more deeply, and in some formed 
a distinct ring. In all the central space came out very 
clearly. 
There can, I think, be little doubt that the anterior cilia 
were not visible during life, owing to their very active move- 
ment ; that the posterior, which seemed to propel the body, 
were really serving rather as rudders to steer it. 
I supposed at first that these might be parasites which had 
escaped from the intestine, bladder, or elsewhere, and I there- 
fore examined very carefully the contents of these viscera 
throughout their whole extent, and also the blood, &c., but 
failed to find any trace of similar organisms in any of these ; 
whilst all the specimens from the peritoneal exudation swarmed 
with them, and contained no other organised constituents of 
importance. 
What is their nature and significance I must leave for future 
observation to discover. 
Other Anthracoid Diseases. 
Amongst the diseases of the class of blood-poisonings which 
appear to be allied to anthrax are two which especially affect 
horses, and are known respectively as Cape Horse-sickness and 
Loodiana fever. At present it is uncertain whether these are 
identical, and also whether they are or are not produced by the 
same poison as anthrax. 
The former disease, " Cape Horse-sickness," is one to which 
attention has been specially directed of late by the Zulu war. 
It appears to be endemic (or enzootic) in certain regions, 
notably of Natal and Zululand, occurring chiefly in low-lying 
lands and in valleys, though cases sometimes occur at high 
altitudes. The disease usually prevails at particular seasons 
of the year, especially in moist hot weather, or when rain 
occurs after heat, disappearing almost entirely both in hot 
dry weather and also in the cold season. Almost universal 
popular belief and recent experience attribute the attacks to 
eating the wet grass under such conditions, and it has been 
VOL. XVI. — S. S. X 
