Report on the Studs and Breeds of Horses in Hungary. 455 
horses proper, and these were of Flemish or German extraction. 
I may except, however, a few imported heavy horses found in 
Pesth, in the waggons of the distillers. 
Of course, I am now speaking of the average run of the 
country. In private studs, where greater attention is paid, 
larger and more valuable horses are bred and reared, and it is 
here where the large carriage horses are to be found, those 
standing 16 hands high ; but horses of the class of our Irish 
hunter, or high-class charger, I should say hardly exist, at 
least I never saw one. 
As regards the horses employed in the military service. I 
saw their hussars, dragoons, artillery, and transport. The 
hussars are mounted on the light galloways of the country, 
14 to 14-3 hands high. The dragoons are mounted on the 
larger horses of the same class, 14"3 to 15*1. The artillery are 
horsed with a taller horse, 15 to 15 2 or 3. 
From my observation, the small horses are the best. Those 
from 14"3 to 15"1 are wonderfully compact and neat, active 
with good action, and well bred, and excellent troopers for 
small light horsemen. They do not require much keep in 
comparison Avith English horses, and are capable of great 
fatigue. I saw a large number of this class that had just com- 
pleted the anual drills of the yeomanry. They had been taken 
up from the peasantry, worked daily at drills, long marches, 
field days, &c., for three weeks, and the colonel informed me 
that the men were generally eight hours a-day in the saddle. 
The horses looked somewhat " tucked up," but full of work. 
The weight they carried was fully 16 stone. 
The dragoons are mounted on a larger horse ; but over 15 "1 
they are " leggy," hind legs far behind, " cat-hammed," and 
flat-sided. There are exceptions, of course, but this is the 
general tendency. The artillery, again, have even a worse 
class. Their horses are still taller, more leggy, and long 
backed. They look very different to the little round Persian 
horse found in our artillery in Bombay, and, I should think, 
most unsuited for heavy draught. It is as if we were to put 
our hussar horses to pull 16-pr. guns. Whether the country 
will ever produce horses fit for such heavy draught is, I think, 
exceedingly improbable; but for light draught, such as 'park 
phaetons, match pairs, the Hungarian horses, from their action, 
breeding, and activity, answer admirably. 
The export of horses reaches, in some years, as many as 
30,000, and remounts for the light cavalry are obtained in 
Hungary for the French, Italian, Turkish, and Belgian armies. 
The staple forage of the country for horses is oats and hay, 
but amongst the peasantry little more than grass and hay 
