Report on the Cattle Disease in the Island of Cyprus. 
467 
disease had been raging for a considerable time in different 
parts of Syria, and although no official notification of its 
existence there had as yet reached the island, private informa- 
tion respecting its ravages was not wanting. No cattle, how- 
ever, had arrived here from the opposite coast for several 
months; but on November 26th, 1879, the British steam-ship 
Fitzmaurice, carrying cattle from Jaffa, where the disease was 
known to exist, to Alexandria, anchored in the roadstead of 
Larnaca and disembarked some goods. The captain of this 
steamer asked permission of the Captain of the Port to land a 
bullock which had broken its leg, in order that he might have 
it slaughtered for butcher's meat. The matter was referred to 
me as sanitary officer, and I positively refused to give the 
required permission. I subsequently heard that a butcher in 
this place, named Manoli, went on board the steamer and 
slaughtered the animal for the use of the crew. Its hide was 
brought on shore by the butcher, who sold it to Demetrion 
Brothers, and it was, I believe, placed in their khan. It is my 
opinion that it was through this skin that the disease found its 
way to the island. 
The animals which I have seen suffering from cattle-plague 
are not all attacked in exactly the same way, and this I attribute 
to the fact of the affection being slight or violent, as the case 
may be ; but the diagnostic signs are invariably the same. 
The period of incubation varies from eight to five days, and 
one of the first apparent symptoms is a loss of appetite. This 
is accompanied by an increased rapidity in respiration, which 
reaches as much as 74, while the temperature of the body 
attains 108° 6', and the pulsation 128. The animal seems 
uneasy ; it stretches out its neck as if seeking for breath ; its 
ears hang downwards, and in some instances it is deaf; the 
head and breath are hot, the ears and limbs quite cold. 
A running of a watery nature commences about the second 
day from the eyes and nose, changing in the latter period of the 
disease to a purulent secretion. I should, however, mention 
that I have known of cattle having a running at the eyes and 
nose, which, it was stated, were attacked by cattle-plague, while 
it was afterwards proved that they were merely suffering from 
catarrh. 
On the tongue and on the inside of the lips there is an 
epithelical deposit of a yellowish colour, which has a peculiar 
fetid smell. I noticed also in some cases that the mouth and 
the membrane round the nasal orifices were ulcerated. About 
the fourth day the animal is generally unable to move, which 
indicates that it is suffering from excessive weakness. It 
refuses all food, and when offered water it endeavours to drink, 
2 H 2 
