512 
Tlie Cumberla)id and kFestmorclaiul 
cUtioned. The general management of the flock does not 
present any striking features. The ewes lamb early in March 
on the pastures. Generally about 25 of each breed are put to 
the ram. These with their produce are all wintered on grass 
with turnips, and if the root crop is plentiful, 100 to 120 more 
hoggs are bought in autumn, and being well kept easily go 
away during the summer from grass. The Shropshire tups are 
very useful animals, and they find purchasers readily in this 
neighbourhood for crossing purposes. Of course the Shropshire 
and Leicester flocks are kept distinct, and the young sheep, 
after reserving all the best lor rams and sufficient gimmers to 
keep up the flock, are fed off and sent away fat after shearing. 
Pigs and Horses. — The pigs require no notice for the same 
reason as the Irish snakes — there are none ; and the horses may 
be briefly dismissed. They are a kind of half-bred strain, with 
some activity. They are no doubt suited for the work of the 
farm, but they have no particular character. Five in all are 
kept, but this includes the " trap " horse for marketing purposes. 
Labour. — The system of labour is the usual Westmoreland 
one of boarding all the men in the house, and the actual outlay 
in wages for the last three years has been — 
1877. 
1878. 
1879. 
Extra turnip hoeing 
Total .. .. 
£ 
115 10 0 
7 10 0 
25 0 0 
£ 
108 10 0 
7 10 0 
25 0 0 
£ 
108 10 0 
7 10 0 
25 0 0 
148 0 0 
131 0 0 
LSI 0 0 
Four men, one lad, and a servant girl are kept. The best man 
gets 35Z. besides his board, and they run from this sum to 10/. 
for a lad. They live at the same table as their master and mistress, 
and precisely in the same manner. The sum of 208/. is charged 
in the accounts for the living expenses of the whole family of nine 
persons. This is equivalent to 9s. a week each, which is a fair 
allowance. The total outlay for labour may be put at less than 
250/. per annum. 
Feeding Stuffs. — In the last three years the following has been 
the outlay — 
£ s. d. 
1877 336 0 0 
1878 353 5 0 
1879 285 7 0 
