518 
Tlie Cumberland and Westmoreland 
bull-calf out of her. The bulling-heifers (which at the end of 
April were already turned out on the " Park," as the rough 
pasture 1 have alluded to as enjoying such a fine view is 
called), were also, though in moderate condition, a creditable 
lot. They were only getting grass, with no help even at this 
early season, so that they were seen in a veritable state of 
nature. Summer begins late on this high land, and there is not 
generally much grass on this " Park " till the season is well 
advanced. The present size of it is about 100 acres, and it will 
carry about 50 head of cattle during the summer season. The 
younger stock of the farm generally run up here. 
Sheep. — A breeding-flock is not kept. Mr. Lowthian assigns 
as a reason for his discontinuance of this practice, that he found 
lime so beneficial, nay, so invaluable to the farm generally, that 
the whole of it has been very heavily dressed from time to 
time ; but this application affected the milk of the ewes, and 
made the lambs scour, so breeding was given up, and sheep are 
now bought and sold according to the requirements of the farm. 
In February there were 300 or more of half-bred Scotch tegs — 
Leicester upon Scotch ewes — which had been bought at 20s. 
apiece in the autumn. They were then living upon cut swedes 
and chaff, with a few cut oat-sheaves, and were in very fresh 
condition. These sheep were kept for clipping and selling in 
the summer, fat. In April the same sheep were to be seen, and 
in addition 43 pure Herdwick wethers four years old ; and in 
July, 241 of them were still grazing and in forward condition. 
This would represent, I imagine, about the ordinary stock of 
the farm. 
Swine. — The pigs need scarcely be alluded to. Mr. Lowthian 
is no greater admirer of these animals than his neighbours, and 
his stock is represented generally by 3 or 4 white pigs fed for 
home curing. 
Cropj)in(/. — I now turn to the cropping and general manage- 
ment of the farm, and I again ask my readers to remember the 
elevation at which the land lies. Tlie farm-house stands at no 
less altitude than 900 feet. The highest part of the farm is 
about 1100 feet, and the Common or " Park" about this height. 
It lies therefore some 700 feet above the waters of Ullswater, 
which I have said repose just beneath it, and which are about 
400 feet above sea-level. The marvel to the Judges was that 
good crops could be raised at this height ; yet the turnips of 
last year (both common and swedes) were hardly excelled by 
any we saw, and the oats were also capital, weighing about 
43 lbs. per imperial bushel. 
The common turnips grown last year were white Pomeranian. 
They had been got off the land before the frost, and were very 
