552 
The Cumberland and Westmoreland 
farm and to the breeder. Yet tliej are not highly kept, and 
running in summer on this by no means superior land, they get 
no help in the way of cake or meal. The calves are equally good. 
Sheep. — So far as the sheep go, they are equally good with 
the rest of the stock. Mr. Donald can sell a few tups at home, 
and he therefore keeps a small number of breeding ewes. They 
are a Long-woolled sort, bred down by a Lincoln tup from a Blue- 
faced Leicester ewe. They have perhaps more of the Longwool 
character about them than the Leicester. This year there was a 
fine crop of lambs. In May I found 17 ewes with no less than 
30 lambs. There were two triplets and lots of pairs. The tup 
lambs are not castrated, and are sold as lambs at about 3/. 
apiece. 
Stints on Marsli. — Mr. Donald has four stints on Skinburness 
and Calvo marsh, and for each stint sends 2 ewes, with a couple 
of lambs apiece, and a gimmer. In July there were 62 sheep, 
A'iz., 1 tup, 22 ewes, 32 lambs, 7 gimmers. 
Horses. — Five horses are generally worked ; and, as breeding 
is successfully practised, a sixth is occasionally needed to get over 
the heavy work in spring. The horses are very good, of a kind 
of Clydesdale strain. Three mares were in-foal this year by 
Simon Pure," a good Clydesdale horse, brought by an Entire 
Horse Society into the neighbourhood. There were in February 
10 horses in all on the farm. In July this number had been 
increased by the 3 foals, which promised remarkably well. 
There were at this time 3 mares, 3 foals, 2 three-year-olds, 
2 two-year-olds, 2 yearlings, and 1 driving-horse. The horse- 
stock have more bone than is common in the country, and with 
size combine quality and activity. 
Pifjs. — Pigs are so little considered on many of these farms 
that I have scarcely in some of the reports thought it necessary 
to allude to them. On this farm they form no exception to the 
uniform excellence of the stock. They are of the Middle White 
breed, and although not many are kept, what there are are first- 
rate. 
3feadow. — The meadow before mentioned is a good one, but 
very late. It is not generally fit to mow until August. 
Labour. — Three men are generally employed, viz. 2 plough- 
men and a stockman. The latter gets 16.s. a-vveek and a cottage 
free, but no extras. The head ploughman gets 18s. a-week and a 
cottage rent-free. The other horseman lives in the house, and 
gets a wage of 12/. the half-year in addition to his board. Some- 
times an extra day-labourer is employed, when he gets Is. 6(f. 
a-day and his food. Women get Is. 'M. in winter and Is. %d. 
in summer, and in harvest their wages vary from 2s. Gr/. to 3s. Q>d. 
and even 4s. 
