558 
The Cumbei'land and Westmoreland 
breed suits the dry limestone hills, Farleton and Whorlton 
Crags, which rise near here, where Scotch sheep cannot exist. 
For this purpose they are continued. Only about 18 or 20 
ewes are kept here of this breed and 40 Lincolns. The total 
number of sheep on the farm in February was 105, which in- 
cluded 40 hoggets and 7 or 8 fat sheep ; and in July there were 
132, all told. Mr. Parker has a shee])-right on Farleton Crag, 
but as it is " unlimited " he does not exercise it. 
Lincolns. — The Lincolns are of Clarke's and Dudding's breed. 
Tups are bred from them for local use. They begin to lamb 
about the end of February, and are useful sheep. During winter 
the ewes get swedes on grass, and no other keep. The appear- 
ance of both the " Crag " sheep — as the Limestones are locally 
called — and the Lincolns was unexceptionably healthy at both our 
visits. The gimmer " Crags ' were especially good in appear- 
ance, and the lambs in July had that cleanliness which is so 
essential to health at that critical period. 
Horses and Pifjs. — The horses were not particularly notice- 
able. Only two workers arc kept besides a pony, but there are 
generally some young ones running about. The workers are a 
lightish-legged sort, no doubt suitable for the land, but offering 
little for observation. Neither are the pigs an important 
leature. One breeding sow is kept, and one or two stores are 
fattened. 
Buildings, tVc — The buildings are suitable for the farm. A 
good corn and hay shed, erected principally at the tenant's 
expense, cost 120/. The gates, which are found by the landlord, 
are of oak and very good. They are well painted and in 
excellent order. The fences are good for the country. 
Labour. — The labour costs 80/. per annum. Two men are 
boarded in the house, and get 22/. per annum each. Two boys 
also kept get 6/. to 11. The men and boys live the same as the 
lamily, and, adding 8.s. a week each for their keep, the total cost 
of labour is about 160/., equal to 21. an acre on the arable land, 
or 30s. for that and 10s. for the pasture. As this seemed to be 
a farm where thorough good Westmoreland management pre- 
vailed, I give some jiarticulars of the usual routine ot farm- 
work. The men rise at 4.30 A.M. all the year round, and go out 
with the horses at 0.15, having done the live-stock previously. 
At 11.30 they come in to dinner, feed their horses, and at 
1 o'clock are off again to work. At about 3.30 P.M. some hot tea 
and bread-and-butter is taken to them in the field, and at 7.30, 
the work of the day being finished, they get their supper. 
Cakes and Artificial Manure. — The expenditure on cakes and 
artificials is kept at about 21. an acre per annum. 
Dairy. — Butter is made on a considerable scale, and goes to 
