Trials of Implements at Carlisle. 
G81 
fish-culture in England than there is at present, and many a 
stream capable of growing good trout is neglected because it is 
small ; whereas in a brook not a yard wide, trout will grow to 
2 lbs. and 3 lbs. weight, if they have a fair chance given them 
and plenty of food, the best of which is fresh-water shrimps 
and snails, and in such brooks these generally abound. 
In conclusion, I will say that although there is much really 
good and substantial work done, yet there is a growing tendency 
amongst machine-makers of all classes, owing to competition, to 
cheapen their work at the risk of efficiency. This is to a great 
extent the fault of their customers, who icill buy the cheapest 
thing, forgetting that it is the dearest in the end ; and so brasses 
are lightened, inferior metal used, and if it were possible to cast 
an engine with steam up, no doubt it would be done. Both 
makers and buyers would do well to adopt as their standard 
the workmanship and design shown by the best locomotive 
engineers, and not give way to shoddy, but keep up the quality 
of English productions, which in the long run will be the only 
way to retain our share of the trade of the world. This every- 
where is now being most seriously threatened, not only by 
foreign countries putting prohibitive import duties on English 
machinery, but by developing their own iron-works, and training 
workmen who so far seem more amenable to reason than ours, — 
more thrifty, and consequently able to live well on much lower 
wages than many English workmen would starve on. 
There are two facts, I learn from good authorities, affecting 
both farmers and manufacturers, which it may not be out of 
place to notice. The carriage of certain implements is less from 
England to America than it is to Ireland ; and from some if 
not all ports, foreign cattle are carried inland at a cheaper rate 
than English cattle would be by the same or any train. This 
may be owing somewhat to the disturbed state of commerce ; 
and when things right themselves, as now happily there is every 
prospect of their doing, we may hope that general prosperity 
will abolish such anomalies. 
The Working Dairy. 
One of the most interesting sights in the whole yard was the 
Working Dairy, under the management of Mr. Allender, of the 
Aylesbury Dairy Company, who, at the request of the Society, 
sent a collection of the best and newest machines employed by 
them, and fully showed their use by keeping them in constant 
work. 
Several improvements suggested by the experience of Bristol 
and Kilburn were made in the arrangement of the Dairy, At 
