Town Milk. 
ii lai'^c ami roomy yai'd, 90 yards long and 20 feet wide, with a broad gang- 
■\vay between two rows of cattle — or several sheds, clean, dry and warm, each 
well managed, ])laced at intervals in a clean and spacious yard, such as Mr. 
Veale's first-rate establishment, in the Acacia-road, St. John'.s-wood. 
" Such then are the London cowhouses, of many sizes, and of at least two 
styles of management, in one of which a daily cleansing of the whole esta- 
blishment, dung-pits included, insures perfect order and condition ; and in the 
other, muddle and dirt easily create a nuisance." 
To this I add a short description of the cowhouses erected on 
the Barking farm to which I have referred, which are complete 
and satisfactorily-equipped cow-sheds. They were designed by 
Mr. James Avis, one of the clerks of works employed by the 
Metropolis Sewage Company. Intended to hold 60 cows, with 
room lor fodder, shed for grass and roots, pit for grains, well, 
tank for urine, safety for tools, and sleeping apartment for men, 
they are boarded buildings 120 feet long, and 26 feet wide, 
10 feet high to the eaves, with boarded and felt-covered roof. 
The beams, morticed into uprights at 2 feet below the eaves, are 
7 feet 9 inches from the ground, and carry a floor along the 
middle about tv/o-thirds of their length in width, and extending the 
whole length of the building, except in the central shedding for 
grass, which is open to the roof. The cows stand back to back, 
the mangers lying along the sides of the building, and a central 
gangway, b\ feet wide, lying between the two row-s. The space 
is thus open to the roof above the heads of the cows, and there 
is ample ventilation, by means of flaps under the eaves, louvre 
ventilators in the ridge, and open doors at either end. The 
sleeping-room for the men — a space about 15 feet square — is 
boarded off from the upper flooring, which is used for storage 
of hay and straw. 
Near the middle of the house — 14 pairs of cows being on one 
side, and 10 couples on the other — boarded up so as to make two 
separate cov/houses on each side of it — is the shed for grass and 
roots, 15 feet wide. Underneath one corner of it is the well and 
pump, and in the other the grain-pit. Here, too, is a lock-up 
for the tools employed. Into this shed the carts are backed and 
tilted, and the food — grass, or roots — lies stored here, midway 
of the cattle which are to consume it, so as to economise the 
labour of distributing it. The whole surface covered by the 
roof is laid out for the most part with a common brick floor 
on concrete. A tiled drain runs down the middle, 2 feet deep, 
to take the urine to the tank at one end of the building. The 
mangers along each side of the building are about a foot off the 
ground, brick-built and cemented, so as to be fit for holding 
water as well as food. They are about 2 feet vv'ide and G inches 
deep. A pump, drawing from the well, is furnished with a 
moveable spout, so that each of the four sections into which the 
