Farminf) Customs and Covenants of Enfjland. 149 
of clover or liay to bo ronsumed with it, the outgoing tenant 
accommodating the purchaser with hurdles, and in this case a 
time is named by which the crop must be consumed, so that the 
incoming tenant can prepare the land for barley. The tenant 
keeps the premises in repair, being provided with materials in 
the rough within six miles. The landlord usually finds draining 
pijies as the tenant requires them. 
Mr. George Bennett has kindly supplied us with information 
respecting the customs for the north and north-west portions 
of the county, and we are indebted to Mr. James Rolt, of Pen 
Amersham, for the customs of the south and south-east. 
CambridOESIIIKE. — The entries are at Michaelmas and Old 
Lady-day, the tenancies being held both by the year and on 
lease. If the incoming tenant thrashes the corn and carries it to 
market (within ten miles), he takes the straw, &c., in payment ; 
but if not, he pays for the straw, &c., by valuation. The hay is 
taken to at a consuming price, and the manure at two-thirds its 
value ; draining and permanent improvements are not paid for, 
except under agreement. The incoming tenant generally sows 
the turnips and cole-seed, and pays for the acts of husbandry, 
viz., ploughings, rolling, and harrowing, also the cartage of 
farm-yard dung and artificial manures. Mangold is allowed 
for at a consuming price. The outside of the house and buildings 
is generally kept in repair by the landlord ; and the inside, and 
also the gates, stiles, and fences, by the tenant. Sometimes, 
however, the tenant makes all repairs, the landlord furnishing 
rough materials. 
ClIESHiriE. — Lady-day holdings from year to year are here the 
custom. Generally with written agreements Avhich contain com- 
pensation clauses. The incomer usually obtains possession of 
the meadows and tillage land on the 25th of December, the 
pasture on the 2nd of February, and of the boozy pasture, house, 
and buildings on the 1st of May, Formerly the meadows and 
tillage land were given up on the 2nd of February, together 
with the pasture. The outgoing tenant takes his away-going 
crop of wheat of one-half alter the green crop, and two-thirds 
after summer fallows, and has an allowance for clover and grass 
seeds which have been sown in the last year. Hoy and straw 
may not be removed, except near large towns, when the occu- 
pier must bring back an equivalent quantity of dung. The 
outgoing tenant is allowed nothing for the manure left on the 
premises. Compensation for improvements is very rare :, the 
landlord having put the buildings into repaii', expects the tenant 
to maintain them on being supplied with materials in the rough. 
Revised by Mr. George Jackson, of Tattcnhall Hall, Chester. 
Cornwall. — The holdings in Cornwall are chiefly divided 
