216 The A(]r{cnltural Returns of 18G6 and 1867. 
Occupiers of 
LanJ ow ning Stock, 
anil Occupiers of 
Land only. 
Owners 
ol Stock unly.* 
Total Occupiers 
of I-anil 
and Owners 
of Stock, 
England and Wales 
390, G60 
8,029 
398, G89 
78,792 
4,G29 
83,421 
Great Britain .. 
469,452 
12,058 
482,110 j 
For Ireland Mr. Donnelly does not give the number of distinct 
occupiers, but of liohh'iif/s, which amounted in 1867 to about 
(500,000 ; Lord DufFerin in his recent work on ' Irish Immigration 
and Land Tenure ^ (pp. 201-2) states that the 600,000 koldincjs 
in Ireland have 441,000 distinct and separate occupiers. And 
although the fact is nowhere stated, there are strong reasons for 
assuming that the 469,452 "occupiers" of Great Brtiain, as 
given in the Returns, represent in reality the number of hold- 
inr/s, two or more of which may be in the occupation of one 
person. The Commissioners for taking the census of Great 
Britain in 1851 obtained Returns of the number of farms and 
farmers, the size of their farms, and the number of labourers 
employed thereon, and in their Reportt it is stated that in England 
and Wales, in 1851, there were 225,318 farms of all sizes (in- 
cluding about 8000 of a less area than five acres), in Scotland 
56,650 ; in Great Britain, therefore, an aggregate of 281,968 
farms. It may be convenient to put the facts for 1851 and those 
for 1867 in juxtaposition : — 
M umber of 
Farmers in 
1851. 
X umber 
of Ocaipiers in 
1867. 
Acreage under Cultivation. • 
1851. 
1867. 
England and Wales . . 
Great Britain 
225,318 
5G,650 
390,660 
78,792 
24,905,758 
4,188,578 
25,451 ,526 
4,379,552 
281,968 
469,452 
29,094,336 
29,831,078 
According to this statement, v/hich correctly represents the 
facts as officially published, the number of farmers in Great 
Britain has increased 66 per cent., while the acreage under culti- 
vation has remained virtually stationary ; in both periods the 
returned area actually farmed is deficient by a probably equal 
(or inconsiderably differing) amount of hill or mountain pasture. 
* Cows kept in towns for dairy purposes are included in the returns both for 
1866 and 1867. 
t Report of Census Commissioners for Great Britain, 1851 ; (Part ii., pp. Ixxviii. 
— Ixxxi.) 
