On Clover Allies as Fodder Plants. 
295 
Again as regards the varieties of the Bromus mollis. The 
true mollis is found everjAvhcre, but in most districts one or the 
other, and indeed very generally, all of the following forms 
have been but recently introduced. Such are Bromus secalinns, 
Bromus cornmutatus, Bromus racemosus, Bromus arvensis ; all 
of which are becoming common in Gloucestershire, where ten 
years ago the three first were somewhat rare to find, whilst the 
latter has not been a denizen on the Wolds more than about ten 
years ; in most cases their introduction can be traced to 
Saintfoin. 
Indeed to such an extent is " whole " seed mixed with weeds, 
that I have counted as many as 370 weed seeds, principally 
those of false Burnet, in a pint, equalling the enormous number 
of 2G,680 weed seeds in a bushel ; enough of such a plant to 
take possession of the soil in two or three seasons. It must then 
be safer to buy the " milled " seed, as that is far less likely to 
be mixed with foreign matters. Saintfoin is usually sown with 
barley, and should be drilled either between the drills of barley 
when that crop is so sown, or else across the barley drills; if the 
whole seed be broadcast it is " so light, that in harrowing the 
ground too much, it is apt to be again brought to the surface." 
— {Stephens.) When made into hay it should be cut as soon as 
the first flowers (that is, those at the base of the spike) show 
themselves ; the advantages of this are : — 
1st. The hay is so much better. 
2nd. The second crop of green leaves is so much more 
abundant. 
3rd. The weeds will not have ripened their seeds so as to 
spread the pest wherever the hay is used. 
4th. The duration of the crop will be ensured. 
If depastured it furnishes a tolerably early feed for sheep, and 
may be eaten off as often as three times. This plan is of great 
advantage where the soil is thin, as the whole matter is retained ; 
and the Saintfoin is thereby made a means of ameliorating the 
soil. 
V. — LUPINUS. 
Various forms of garden Lupines have been employed as 
fodder plants, amongst them the yellow, white, and blue varie- 
ties. 1 have experimented largely upon the last two in marls, 
in stiff clays, and on poor sands, and have found that they 
succeed best on light soils of a poor description, which, indeed, 
constitute their chief recommendation. It is, however, a very 
uncertain crop, as plants of two feet high can be grown one 
year, while in the same kind of soil scarcely six inches will 
be attained in another. In my field and garden trials, after the 
