XVlll 
GLOSSARY. 
Pappus; the crest of the fruit in Composites, formed of the 
altered limb of the calj^x. 
Parabolic ; starting fi-om a broad base and gradually naiTOwing 
with curved sides to a blvmt point, as the divisions of a 
calyx. 
Parallel veins start several together fi'om the base of a leaf, 
diverge slightly, then proceed parallel andf simple, and 
converge at the apex. 
Parietal; on the inner surface of an ovai-y. 
Patent ; spreading widely. 
Pedate ; palmate of three lobes with the lateral lobes having 
similar large lobes on their upper edge. 
Pedicel ; the branch of a peduncle. 
Peduncle; flowerstalk. 
Pellucid; nearly transparent. 
Peltate ; when its point of attachment is on the face, not at the 
edge, of a leaf or other organ. 
Pendulom ; seeds hanging from the top of an ovary. 
Pentaffonal; with five angles having convex spaces between 
them. 
Pentangular ; with five angles and five flat or concave faces. 
Perennial plants live several years and flower more than once, 
usually many times. 
Perfect flowers have both stamens and pistils in an efficient 
state. 
Perfoliate; when the leaf completely siuTounds the stem so 
that the latter seems to pass through it. 
Perianth ; the floral whorlg when the calyx and corolla are not 
distinguishable. 
Pericarp ; seed-vessel, including adhering calyx if present. 
Perigynous ; when the corolla and stamens are borne on to the 
calyx but free from the ovary. 
Persistent ; not soon falling off; 
Personate; a monopetalous two-lipped corolla of which the 
lower lip is pressed upwards so as to close the opening. 
Petals ; the divisions of the corolla. 
Petal-like ; resembling petals in texture and colour. 
Petiolate ; having a petiole. 
Petiole ; the stalk of a leaf : petiohde ; of a leaflet. 
Pheenogamons ; visibly furnished with stamens and pistils. 
Phanerogamous; phmnogamous. 
Phyllaries ; the scales or bracts of the involucre of Composites. 
Pilose ; with scattered rather stiff' hairs. 
Pimus ; the segments of a pinnate leaf. 
Pinnate ; when leaffets are arranged on opposite sides of a com- 
mon stalk. A leaf is 2- or 3-pinuatc when its primary or 
secondary divisions are pinnate. 
Pinnatijld; a leaf deeply cut into segments nearly to the mid- 
