162 
42. RITBIACEJE. 
lanceoktte, upper I. narrower, midrib narrow and prominent 
beneath, pan. loose- few-flowered, fl.- and fr.-st. erect-patent, 
Eet. " apiculate.'' — .St. numy, slightly ascending, much branched. 
I. glabrous or vni\x minute mostly bnclm-ard prickles. Green 
when diy. — Settle " and elsewhere." Mr. J. G. Baker. P. VII. 
VIII. E. 
12. G. comtmddhim (Jord.) ; 1. 7 — 8 in a whorl linear thick 
raucronate, midrib broad not prominent, pan. with many branches, 
fl.- and fr.-st. erect-pateut, fr. faintly granular, pet. mucronate. 
— St. many, nearly prostrate, glabrous. L. mostly glabrous. — 
White Force, Teesdale. Mr. Baker. P. ^TII. E. 
13. G. si/lves'tre (Poll.) ; /. about 8 in a whorl linear-lanceo- 
late mucronate with revolute edges, midrib slender prominent, 
panicles few-£owered, Jl.- and fr.-st. erect-patent, fr. faintly 
granular, pet. acute. — G. pusillmn E. B. 74, not Ltnn.—^t. many, 
slender, square, diffiise, ascending. L. often nearly glabrous or 
with marginal hairs (not prickles) spreading or backward. 
Lower part of stem and leaves sometimes densely covered with 
patent liairs. Panicle very variable in size. Fr. very minutely 
granular. — Limestone hills, rare. P. vn. ' E. s. 1. 
*** Stetn rough with downward jn-ickles. 
14. G. vligindsum (L.) ; I. 6—8 in a whorl linear-lanceolate 
bristle-pointed -^ath margins rough like the angles of the stem with 
backicard prickles, panicles small axillary few-flowered trichoto- 
mous the branches patent 3-fid, fruitstalks divaricate straight, 
fruit granular. — E. B. 1972. — Stems slender, brittle, about a 
foot high, weak. L. usually C in a whorl, discoloured at the 
tip, shortly acuminate. Fr. dark brown. — Wet places. P. ^"11. 
VIIL E. S. I. 
15. G. pahis'tre (Ij.} ; I. 4 in a whorl broadhj linear broader 
upwards blunt, midrib slender, panicle diffii-^e, fr.-st. straight 
spreading at right angles, fr. smooth. — St. 1 — 2 feet high, slender, 
usually branched, il. small, white. St. and branches nearly 
smooth. L. naiTOw, lowest usually in sixes, upper in fours of 
which 2 are smaller. — On dry gi-ound the 1. are broader, those 
of the ban-en shoots often obovate : then Iniown by its blunt 1. 
and dowiward prickly stems. — G. Witheringii (Sm.) E. B. 2200 
difters only by ha\ ing rough edges to the leaves. — A very stroTig 
form, much larger in all respects, is the G. elongafum (I'ri^sl) 
E. B. 1857.— Wet places by ditches and rivers. P. VI. VII. 
^ E. S. I. 
4. Ru'bi.v Linn. Madder. 
1. B. peregrina (L.) ; 1. 4 — 6 in a whorl elliptic or lanceolate 
shining smooth above without veins the margin and keel rough 
