44. DiPSACACEiE. — 45. composite:. 
[D. FuUomim ( L. ) ; scales of the receptacle hoohed at the end' 
eqiuillitig the fiomrs, involucres rcjlexed ; othei'n'ise like D. st/lves- 
tris, imless the il. ditier.— is'. £. 2080.— West of Endand, but 
not wild. B.YIII.IX. Teasel.] E. 
2. D. pilostis (L.) ; l. stalked with a It. at the base on each side, 
scales of the receptacle oho vate-cuspidate straight, involucres 
deflexed. — H. B. 877. — St. 3 — 4 feet high, slender, branched, 
rough, leafy. Heads of white fl. small, globose, exceeding the 
involucres. — Moist shady places. B. VIII. Shcjihcrd's Mod. E. 
2. Knaut'ia Coult. 
1. K. arven'sis (Coult.) ; lower 1. simple, stem-1. piuuatifid, st. 
bristly, cah x with about 8 awned teeth. — £. B. 659. — St. 2 — 3 
feet high, slightly branched, with few leaves. Radical 1. many, 
sometimes pinuatelj' lobed. Fl. purple, in large convex long- 
stalked heads ; outer usually unequal and radiant. Inv. bhmtisli. 
— Sometimes the 1. are all simple narrowly lanceolate entu-e or 
superficially crenate. — Fields. P. "\'II. — IX. Field Scabious. 
E. S. I. 
3. ScABio'sA Linii. Scabious. 
1. S. succtsa (L.) ; root abrupt, heads of fl. and ft-, nearly 
globose, involi/cel hairy 4-fid herbacemis, cor. 4-cleft, 1. oblong 
entire, upper 1. naiTOwer mostly entire. — JE. B. 878. — St. 1 — 
feet high, rarely branched. Radical 1. nianv, stem-1. usuall}' 
few. II. all alike, purplish blue, rarely white. St. and both 
sides of the 1. hairv or glabrous. — Meadows and pastures. P. 
VII.— X. Devil s'bit. E. S. I. 
2. S. Columbdria (L.); heads of fr. globose, involncel mem- 
branous plaited notched, cor. 5-cleft radiant, radical 1. oblong 
stalked crenate entire or hTate, uppemiost 1. pinnatifid witli 
linear segments. — K B. loll. — St. 12 — 18 in. liigli. Radical 
1. blunt, or, rarely, lanceolate and acut«, on long stalks ; upper 
1. rarelv entire, linear. Fl. purplish. — On a calcai-eous soil. P. 
VII. vm. E. s. 
Order XLV. COMPOSITvE. 
Fl. surrounded by an involucre formed of scales ( plij'llaries), 
collected together iu a head looking like a single flower. Cal. 
superior; limb inconspicuous or forming a toothed bristly or 
feathery pappus. Cor. tubular or li™late. Stam. 5, inserted 
in the tube ; anthers imited into a tube surrounditig the style. 
Fr. iudehiscent, dry, with an erect seed without albumen. 
The following arrangement of the genera is nearly that of 
