CAEDUUS. 
191 
** Pappits feathenj. Cnicus Linn., Sm. Crasiuji Koch, DC. 
t Leaves spinous-haiiy above, flowers purple. 
4. C. lanceolutvs (L.) ; I. decurrmt white and cottony beneath 
pinnatifid, lobes bifid with lanceolate entire segments each ter- 
minated by a strong spine, involucres ovate shaggy, phyll- lanceo- 
late spinous spreading. — E. B. 107. — St. 3 — 4 feet high, erect, 
furrowed, hairy, with strong spinous •wings. Heads terminal, 
solitary or 2 or 3 together, large. — Waste ground. B. VII. VIII. 
Spear' Thistle. E. S. L 
5. C. crioph'oms (L.) ; /. half-clasping not clecurrent vfh.\ie and 
cottony beneath deeply pinnatifid, lobes bifid the segments lan- 
ceolate entire alternately pointing upwards and downwards and 
each terminated by a strong spine, involucres globose shaggy, 
phyll. lanceolate with a long linear spinous-tipped reflexed pomt. 
— E. B. 38(5. — St. 3 — 4 feet high, much branched, furrowed, 
hairj'. Root-l. 1 — 2 feet long, linear with long divergent lobes 
which form double rows in a very regular manner. Stem-l. 
similar but smaller. Heads very large ; involucre covered with 
a dense white web. A remarkably conspicuous plant. — Waste 
ground on a limestone soil. B. VHI. Woolly-headed Thistle. 
E. I. 
tt Leaves not spinous-hairy above, 
a. Limh of the cor. 5-parted to its base. Beeea Less. 
6. C. ancn'sis (Curt.) ; heads subdioecious, /. subsessile oblong- 
lanceolate pinnatifid spinous wavy, involucres ovate subglabrous, 
phyll. broadly lanceolate adpressed terminating ''n a short spread- 
ing spine, rhizome creeping. — E. B. 975. — St. erect, 3—4 feet 
high, leafy, angular, coiymbose above. L. very spinous, sessile 
or very slightly decim-ent, varying greatly in width. — 1/3. setostis ; 
1. lanceolate flat entire or slightly lobed. Cir. setosum M. B. — 
Fields and roads. /3. Culross and Kirkwall, S. P. VIL ^. EX. 
Creeping Thistle. E. S. I. 
b. Liynb of the cor. 5-parted to its middle. 
7. C. pahis'tris (L.) ; I. decurrent lanceolate deeply pinnatifid 
spinous, involucres ovate crowded, jihyll. ovate-lanceolate ad- 
Eressed mucronate. — E. B. 974. — St. solitary, erect, 3—5 feet 
igh, wandlike, with wa\'y spinose vdngs throughout, slightly 
branched. Heads in a terminal cluster, small. Fl. pui-ple or 
white. Under side of the 1. usually cottony. Involucre with a 
Blight web.— Wet meadows. A. VH. VIH. E. S. I. 
8. C. praten'sis (Huds.) ; /. mostly radical lanceolate wavy or 
lobed pilose above cottony beneath fringed with minute prickles, 
stem-l. not decurroit few clasping, involucres globose solitary 
terminal slightly cottony, phyll. lanceolate-attenuate adpressed 
