]96 
45. COMPOSITE. 
40. Helmin'thia Jitss. Ox-tongue. 
1. IT. echioides (Gaert.) ; st. erect hispid vrith rigid 3-fid and 
hooked hairs from tubercular bases, phyll. 5 ovate-cordate. — 
£. B. 972. — St. 2 — 3 feet high, branched, covered, as well as the 
leaves and involucre, with strong prickles springing from white 
tubercles and with 3 minute hooks at the apex (glochidate). L. 
clasping.— Diy banks. A. \TI.— IX. E. I. 
E. Receptacle generally uithout scales. Pajtpus Jiliform, decidti- 
ous, 7iever feathery nor dilated at the base. Fruit compressed. 
41. Lactu'ca Linn. Lettuce. 
* Beak long, white. Leaves with a bristly keel. 
1. L. salig'na (L.) ; upper I. linear entire acuminate with a 
sagittate base, lower 1. pinnatifid, beak ticice as long as the fruit. 
— E. B. 707.— St. 2 feet high, slender, wavy, slightlj- branched. 
Heads in small alternate tufts forming long clusters. Flowers 
yellow. — Chalky places and near the sea. B. VII. VIII. E. 
2. L. virdsa (L.) ; I. horizontal oblong auricled and clasping 
mticronate-dentate or sinuate, beak equalling the black fruit.— 
E. B. 1957. — St. 2 — 4 feet high, leafy, branched above, panicled. 
Heads scattered, with many heartshaped acute bracts. Plant 
full of acrid milky juice.^ — Dry banks. B. VU. VIII. Acrid 
Lettuce. - E. 
3. L. Scariola (L.) ; I. upright arrowshaped at the base and 
clasping sinuate, beak equalling the pale fruit. — E. B. 268. — St. 
2 — 5 feet high, leafy, panicled. Heads scattered, with many 
heartshaped acute bracts. Juice rather less acrid than in Sp. 2. 
— Waste places, rare. B. YH. Till. Prickly Lettuce. E. 
** Beak short. Leaves with a smooth keel. 
4. L. murdlis (DC.) ; florets 5, 1. lyrate-runcin.ate angled and 
tootlied clasping, terminal lobe largest, beak much shorter than 
the fruit, heads panicled. — Prenanthes Sm., E, B. 4.57. — St. erect, 
a foot high, smooth, round, hollow. Flowers bright yellow. 
Fruit black.— Banks and old walls. A. ? YII. E. I. 
42. Leon'todon Limi. Dandelion. 
■ 1. L, Tarax'acum (L.) ; Lruncinate toothed, fi\ lineai>obovate 
blunt and muricate at the top longitudinally striate with a long 
beak.— Stalks single-headed, radical, hollow. Fl. yellow. L. 
all radical, very vai-iable, glabrous or slightly hispid. — I. Outer 
phyll. relie.xed or pat<mt. — a. L. Taraxacum (Sm.) ; outer phyll. 
linear deflexed, fr. yeUow its upper hiilf mui-icate, glabrous or 
woolly at the crown of the root, 1. rimcinate broad. E. B. 517. 
