415 
11. FLOWERLESS PLANTS. 
Substance of the plant wholly of cellular tissue (except- 
ing in the Subclass Dvxtulosce which has a few ducts). 
No woody fibre. No true flower with stamens and pistils. 
No distinct embryo nor cotyledons. 
Class III. 
CRYPTOGAMEyE DUCTULOSiE. 
Plants with a few ducts amongst the cellular tissue'. 
Order XCVm. EQUISETACE^. 
Leafless branched plants with a striate hollow stem ; each 
joint ending in a sheath which conceals the joining and incloses 
the base of the next joint. Sporules suiTOunded by elastic cla- 
vate iilaments and inclosed in capsules arising from the peltate 
scales of temiinal cones or spikes. — Young stems straight. Cu- 
ticle aboimding in silex. Only one genus. 
1. Eqttise'tum: lAnn. Horse-tail. 
* FertUe stems mostlij unhranched and succideut ; barren stems 
with solid wJwrled branches, ajjpearing later. 
1. arven'se (L.) ; sterile st. with few furrows slightly rough, 
branches rough with 3 or 4 simple angles, teeth of sheaths long 
acute 1-ribbed at the tip, fertile st. simple witli few lax distant 
sheaths. — E. B. 2020. S. 1. N. 77. — Sterile st. many, procumbent 
or ascending ; with many whorls of roughish not hollow usually 
simple branches with deep furrows and -3 — 4-toothed sheaths, 
their lowest joint (including its terminal sheath) exceeding the 
st.-sheath ; general outline narrowed upwards. Fei-tile st. short, 
with few (4 — 5) sheaths, appearing before the sterile ones. Ste- 
rile and fertile st. always distinct. — Damp meadows. P. IV. 
E. S. I. 
2. E. umbrdsum (WUld.) ; sterile st. with about 20 striae verg 
rough with prominent points pai'ticularly above, branches simple 
with 3 or 4 simple angles, teeth of sheatlis 1-ribbed but not to the 
1 (iV.) refers to Neuman's History of British Ferns, ed. 2. (5.) to 
Sowerby's Ferns of Britain and Fern-allies. Moore's Handbook of 
British Ferns, ed. 3, may be consulted with much advantage. 
