POLYSTICntJM . — CTSTOPTEEIS. 
425 
iiaiTOW, very rigid and leatliery. Pinnaj overlapping and twisted 
(most in the Irish, much less so in the Welsh plant), lower ones 
usually auricled both above and below. — Young simply pinnate 
fronds of the next species are often much like this plant. — Alpine 
rocks. P. VII. llolhj Fern. E, S. I. 
2. P. amledtum (Tloth) ; fronds rif/id linear or lanceolate bi- 
pinnate,/ii««M/e.f ohliquclij decurrcnt. — N. 169. Aspidium lobatuin 
Kimze. A. (tculcatitm and A. lobatinn Sm.— Stipe usually short. 
Frond 1—2 feet high. First upper pinnide of each pinna lono-er 
than the others, its lower side (next the main rachis) usufilly 
nearly straight, its upper acutely auricled and forming an acute 
angle with the lower and with the partial rachis at the point of 
attachment. In yoimg plants the pinn?e are seiTate or pinnatifid 
or with one or more pinnules distinct. A few of the lowest pin- 
nules are often slightly stalked, but very differently from those 
of P. angidare. — A. lobatum (Sm.) has the pinnje less dinded 
than in the type of the species and the fronds linear-lanceolate 
and more rigid.— Hedge-oanks. P. VII. VIII. E. S. I. 
3. P. ahf/ulure (Newm.) ; fronds lax drooping lanceolate bi- 
pinnate, /)i'««M/t'S truncate or obtuse-angled bcloio distinctly stalked. 
— N. 173. Aspidium Sm., K B. S. 2776. A. aeuleatum Kimze. 
— Stipe usually long. First upper pinnule scarcely longer than 
the others, its lower side rounded below, its upper wdth a large 
bluutish auricle and forming an obtuse angle with the lower 
at the top of the short stalk which is nearly at right angles 
with the partial rachis ; all short, broad and bluntish ; or first 
upper pinnule longer and deeply pinnatifid, all more acute ; or 
pinnules all narrower and acute. — Sheltered woods and hedge- 
banks, chiefly in the West. P. VII. VIII. E. S. I. 
6. Cystop'teris Bladder -Fem. 
1. C. frag' His (Bemh.) ; frond lanceolate bipinnate, pinnae 
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pinnides oblong-ovate rather narrowed 
below acute or bluntish pinnatifid or cut sen-ate. — Clusters 
rarely confluent. Pinnre rather wedgeshaped at their base. 
" Sporules prickly. " — a. C. anthriscifoUa (Roth); pinnules ovate 
acute cut, segments oblong toothed. Cystea fragilis Sm., N. 155. 
C. angustata E. B. S. 2790 ? — /3. C. cynopifoUa (Roth) ; pinnules 
obovate cut, segments obovate toothed or retuse at the end. 
C. fragilis E. B. 1587. — y. C. angustata (Sm.) ; pinnules lanceo- 
late acute cut, segments lanceolate-oblong cut, teeth acute. N. 
156. C. regia Roth. — The varieties are intimately connected. — 
Rocks and walls, y. Craven and N. Whales. P.'VII. E. S. I. 
2. C. dmtdta (Sm.) ; frond lanceolate bipinnate, pinnEe ovate 
or ovate-lanceolate, pinnules cordate-ovate or ovate blunt broad 
below bluntly toothed or rarely pinnatifid. — E. B. 1588 (bad). 
