C. H. Usher 
53 
individual cells varies considerably. At the anterior part of the iris the chroina- 
tophores are packed together, giving a darker appearance to this part of the iris. 
No dark, round, unbi-anched cells are present, which are so numerous in the irides 
of adult Tamils and Chinese. (There are a few dark brown ones present in one 
case.) The ciliary body contains lightly pigmented chromatophores. There is 
much pigment in the choroid lying in branched cells, especially posteriorly. 
10. Chinese foetus (Canton) "about 7th month, perhaps a little older." Eyes 
received in formaline from Dr George A. Finlayson, Singapore, January 15th, 
1910. Eye measurements: antero-posterior diameter about 16 mm., equatorial 
diameter = 14> mm. The iris stroma is unpigmented, with the exception of a 
few pale brown chromatophores at the anterior surface of the iris, which contain 
pigment granules. In the choroid is a considerable (juantity of pigment, lying in 
elongated and in branched cells, though very much less than in the full-time 
foetus No. 3, Tamil foetus No. 4, and in a negro foetus No. 11. The pigment is 
most marked in the outer layers of the choroid, and there is some around the 
blood vessels. 
11. Fantis Negro, full-time twin foetus. Eyes received in formaline from 
Dr F. W. Moir, through Dr Alexander Low, February 7th, 1910. Eye measure- 
ments : both antero-posterior and equatorial diameters = 18 mm. The iris stroma 
contains a quantity of pigment, though much less than in an adult dark-race eye ; 
there are comparatively few large pigmented branched cells ; especially in anterior 
layers of iris and around the blood vessels are numerous round black cells. Many 
of these round cells show no evidence of branches, but on high magnification 
many of them, though roughly circular, exhibit different forms. In the ciliary 
body are comparatively few pigmented chromatophores. The choroid contains a 
considerable quantity of pigment in branched and elongated cells ; many of the 
cells are only lightly pigmented, with brown pigment granules. The pigmentation 
is not nearly so dense as in a dark-race adult eye. 
12. Tamil infant. Eyes received from the late Dr Robert D. Keith, Singapore, 
on July 29th, 1913. Eye measurements: antero-posterior and equatorial diameters 
are both equal to 18 mm. The iris contains much brown pigment in the branched 
chromatophores and some large, round, dark cells are present, but not in distinct 
groups. The epiblastic layers are dark and show well-marked spurs. The ciliary 
body contains many pigmented chromatophores. The choroid is well pigmented, 
and much pigment is present round the optic nerve entrance. Neither iris nor 
choroid are as deeply pigmented as those of an adult Tamil eye. 
The pigmented retinal epithelium on the posterior surface of the iris, in ciliary 
body, and on the inner surface of the choroid, is exceedingly dark in every one of 
these twelve cases. This is to be expected, as the retinal pigment is fully formed 
by the twelfth week of foetal life (18). It is interesting to find mesoblastic pig- 
mentation so early as is seen in some of these cases. The age of the foetus or 
infant has usually been given by the medical man who sent its eyes, and in most 
cases, measurements of the eyeball wei'e made before opening. In case No. 6 where 
