South African Lacertilia, Ophidia, and Batrachia. 173 
(B. and I. Sanderowitz) ; Kraai Pan (S. D. Smith) ; Kuruman (C. E., 
Wimble) ; Kimberley (J. H. Power) ; Modder Kiver (J. H. Power) ; 
Oudtshoorn (Miss Wilman) ; Kaaiman's Eiver (Miss S. Truter) ; Kalk 
Bay (J. H. Power). 
The parotoid glands of this toad vary considerably in degree of deve- 
lopment. In Kimberley examples they are wider and larger than in 
specimens from the Eastern Province ; in Capetown examples they are 
broad and short. The granularity of the belly also varies, being less pro- 
nounced in the Kimberley examples than in those from Marandellas. The 
tympanum varies in size ; a very hispid example from Kraai Pan has the 
tympanum on one side quite twice the size of its fellow. 
At Modder River the breeding season commences about the end of 
September or beginning of October, when the males resort to little pools 
amongst the rocks, and during , night-time make loud and incessant calls 
to attract the females ; the vocal sac, bluish in colour, becomes inflated 
to about twice the size of the head. The male call resembles the hoarse 
" waak-waak " of duck, and the female responds with a call like " waap," 
followed by a quick " wap, wap." Though the males far exceed the females 
in number, they seem to rely on their vocal talents to attract the females, 
and do not actually move in search of partners. The responding call of 
the female causes the male to strain his vocal organ to the utmost, and at 
such time he will continue to call even in the immediate proximity of a 
human observer armed with a lamp. The breeding pair crawl about in 
shallow water during the night and the following day when the eggs are 
laid. The eggs are crowded together in a long string of jelly of uniform 
thickness, which the parents wind between stones and water-plants in no 
regular order. One female was observed to lay a string of eggs eight yards 
long, and probably had not then exhausted the store ; the jelly was about 
5 mm. in diameter and the eggs 1'5 mm. diameter, whilst the number of 
eggs contained in a length of one foot was counted as 253. 
BuFO ANGusTiCEPS Smith; B.M. Cat., 300. 
Muizenberg (J. H. Power). 
BuFO CARENS Smith ; B.M. Cat., 301. 
Eldorado (0. A. Kidwell) ; Wirsing (W. L. Whiley) ; Taungs 
(P. Court, B. and I. Senderowitz) ; Kimberley (H. Phear). 
BuFO VERTEBRALis Smith ; Zoology of South Africa, Eeptiles, PI. 68, 
and P.Z.S., 1905, 2. 250. 
Madibi (F. B. Parkinson) ; Kimberley (J. H. Power). 
This small toad is of diurnal habits and breeds in small stagnant and 
