350 Transactions of the Boyal Society of South Africa. 
Fig. 5.— Venous system. The heart is removed and the sinus venosus (SV) and two 
precavals are drawn comparatively narrow to give greater clearness. The three lobes of 
the liver are removed. EJ = external jugular ; IJ = internal jugular ; SS vein from 
pectoral girdle (ventral and dorsal branches) ; Br = brachial ; Cut = cutaneous ; 
Pul pulmonary ; H = hepatic ; H.P = hepatic portal ; Mes = mesenteric (from 
Duodenum D) ; SP = spenial (from spleen S and pancreas P) ; Abd — abdominal ; 
Per = pericardial; L1,L2,L3 = dorso-lumbars into renal portal EP ; the two KP veins 
joined across cloaca (CI) by pelvic (Pelv) which receives the vesicular (Ves) from bladder 
(B), rectal (Eec) from rectum (K), cloacal (Clo) and cutaneous (Cut). Two iliacs (IL) open 
into the EP veins and two femorals (Fem) into the abdominal. The iliac and femoral of 
each side is connected by a ventral vein into which flow the plexus (PP). 
