Minutes of Proceedings. 
xxxi 
Description of a New Species of Phreodrilus," by Dr. E. J. Goddaed 
and Mr. D. E. Malan. 
This paper gives an account of a new species of Phreodrilus taken on 
Table Mountain in August. It is specially interesting since it is definitely 
related to P. beddardi and P. suhterraneus. The peculiar anatomical 
features concern the dorsal position of the spermathecal pores, and a large 
hollow penis. The latter corresponds to the penis plus the atrical sac of 
the other two species mentioned. The study of the new form suggests 
that Phreodrilus is the central type of the family, and explains the wide 
distribution of the genus Phreodrilus. 
''Contributions to Knowledge of South African Hirudinea, Part II., 
on some Points in the Anatomy oi Marsujnobdella Africana," by Dr. E. J. 
Goddaed and Mr. D. B. Malan. 
In this paper an account is given of the anatomy of Marsupiobdella, a 
new Glossiphonid leech, with a large internal brood pouch. The main 
points are concerned with the distortion and displacement of the digestive, 
nervous, and reproductive systems by the great development of the brood 
pouch. The pouch is proved to correspond to the large paired ovarial sacs 
of other Glossiphoniidae and the small ovary to the anterior part of the 
same. The ovary is traversed by the oesophagus. The oviduct ends 
blindly near the female pore, and the continuation of the same backwards 
to the pouch is not the oviduct of other forms but the intermediate portion 
of their ovarial sacs. 
" Portuguese Commemorative Pillars erected on the South African 
Coast," by Dr. L. Peeinguey. 
It is during the reign of John the Second, King of Portugal, that the 
Portuguese navigators sailed for the first time provided with commemo- 
rative pillars, or " Padraos," to be erected at the furthest point reached, 
or to mark the progress of their journey. Diogo Cam is the first of these 
navigators who left Portugal with these regulation pillars. Portuguese 
historians attribute to him the erection of three, the most southern of 
which, erected at Cape Cross in 15° 40' S. in 1486, was rediscovered in 
1893. But the old chroniclers are not clear about the number of Padraos 
erected by Bartholomew Dias, and hitherto three only were mentioned, 
whereas it would appear that he put up five : the first, or Padrao Santiago, 
was erected at Angra Pequena in November, 1487 , ten days later the 
navigator reaches Angra das Voltas, and erects another, but nameless 
pillar ; it is not certain whether this was done on his first landing, or on 
his return to the place in 1488 ; in February, 1488, he reaches Algoa Bay 
and sets a third pillar, Padrao da Cruz, on a small island of that bay ; 
after that he reaches the Eiver Eio Infante, but is compelled to return by 
his crew ; he retraces his way to Algoa Bay, and erects a fourth pillar, 
Padrao San Gregorio, on Cape Padron, to the east of the bay, in February, 
