84 
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 
short pointed slightly back wardly- curved small teeth, apparently unserrate. 
It seems indisputable, therefore, that Euparheria had palatal teeth and was 
thus more primitive than Omithosuchus — a conclusion strengthened by the 
discovery of the prearticular in the lower jaw of the South African form. 
Humerus. — The humerus of the type is only displayed in its outer 
aspect ; but a complete left humerus has been isolated from skeleton No. 2. 
The greatest length of the bone is 45 mm., its maximum proximal width 
20 mm., and its distal width 16 mm. The shaft is very slender, but the 
bone expands considerably at the ends, especially proximally. The lower 
end of the deltoid crest is only 14 mm. from the proximal edge of the bone, 
and the crest thus lies high up as in Omithosuchus. The inner face of the 
proximal end is mostly flat, but is slightly concave laterally. The distal 
condyles are separated by a basin-like depression. There is no entepicondylar 
foramen. 
Ilium. — The specimen from which Broom figured the imperfect ilium 
(1913, fig. 18) also contains a perfect right ilium which has been fully 
developed. The whole bone is 20 mm. high and the iliac crest 28 mm. long. 
The acetabulum is large and closed and there is a very pronounced supra- 
acetabular crest. The height of the acetabular portion of the bone is 13 mm. 
The anterior spine of the crest is short and bluntly rounded, the posterior 
spine long. The acetabular crest is continued on to the pre-acetabular 
process, but not to the post-acetabular process. The lateral face of the 
upper portion of the bone is strongly supplied with ridges running at right 
angles to the upper border, especially in the anterior portion. 
Femur. — Directly associated with the pelvis figured by Broom as that of 
Broivniella africana I have discovered a left femur. The head of the bone 
lies just under the ischium and the bone is at right angles to the plane of 
the ischium. It is closely similar to that of Euparheria capensis, having 
a length of 59 mm., the femur of Browniella being 74 mm. long; and this 
coupled with the fact that a skull and lower jaw of Euparheria was found in 
the sand-stone lying directly under the same pelvis opens up the question 
of the identity of the pelvis figured by Broom. 
Broom has referred to the differences which exist between this pelvis and 
that of the type of Euparheria. " The ischium differs in shape in being 
constricted near its middle, and the pubis, besides being much broader and 
stouter, differs in having only a single pubic foramen." Further develop- 
ment and a careful examination of the " Broivniella " pelvis seem to show 
that these differences were rather too strongly accentuated. Ilium, pubis 
and ischium are certainly larger than those of the other specimens of 
Euparheria examined ; but their relative sizes are apparently the same. 
The constriction of the ischial plate does not exist — the appearance of con- 
striction is due to a broken edge of the bone, the true shape being evident 
on the matrix beneath. The ilium is of exactly the same type as in 
