182 
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 
I had the opportunity of examining a large number of sheep infected 
with Paramphistomum calico phorum and P. cotylophorum. In one case I 
counted as many as 150 individuals in the rumen of an ox, and yet the 
host seemed none the worse for it, both as regards vitality and condition. 
Fortunately, therefore, no loss of stock infected with these parasites need 
be feared. 
Paramphistomum calicophorum (Fisch.) (11) (fig. 9) is the species 
prevailing in the south-western districts of the Cape Province. I also have 
specimens from Dordrecht, Burghersdorp, and Molteno. It probably 
occurs all along the lower reaches of the Zumbergen and Drakensbergen 
into Natal. 
Fischoeder records it from Queensland, China, and the Cape Province 
(Kapland). 
Paramphistomum cotylophorum (Fisch.) I have found in sheep from 
Dordrecht, Burghersdorp, and a few specimens were sent me from 
Onderstepoort. 
The Life-history of Paramphistomum calicophorum Fisch. 
(See figs. 1-8.) 
The commonest fresh-water snail in the Cape Peninsula, and in the dis- 
tricts of Stellenbosch, Paarl, Tulbagh, and Ceres is the ubiquitous Isidora 
(Physa) tropica (Krauss). The eggs of the previous season, deposited 
Fig. 1. Fig. 2. 
under the leaves of the common water-lilies (Aponogeton) and round the 
bases of stems of a dwarf variety of rush, hatch in July, in the middle of 
the rainy season. 
During the months of August to November I undertook the examina- 
