Eveline Y. Thomson 
91 
4. Mean Values of Characters. To judge of the degree of accuracy possible 
in reaching a Moriori type, we must note that the means were based for males 
on 33 to 35 crania and for females on 20 to 23 crania, according to the character 
measured; the one exception being capacity, for which only 28 male and 19 female 
crania were available. The non-adult crania have been omitted from the mean 
value determinations. The values are given in Table I. The question now arises : 
how far can we consider these values as adequately describing the Moriori skull? 
We may first compare our results with those obtained by Dr Duckworth for the 
Moriori crania at Cambridge*. Owing to the smallness of his series (7 male and 
3 female) he has pooled his sexes to obtain his means. We have pooled ours in 
the same proportions; the following values result: 
Thomson 
Duckworth 
Maximum Length 
184-4 
182-5 
Maximum Breadth 
140-5 
142-5 
Ophryo-Iniac Length 
170-5t 
173-0 
Basi-bregmatic Height 
135-0 
132-5 
Nasal Height 
55-9 
54-2 
Nasal Width 
25-3 
24-2 
Basi-nasal Length 
104-() 
101-2 
Basi-alveolar Length ... 
99-9 
97-2 
Horizontal Circumference 
51G-7 
513-(i 
With the exception of the breadth and our doubtful ophryo-iniac length, 
Dr Duckworth's crania appear slightly smaller than those at the Royal College 
of Surgeons. A somewhat closer result is obtained if we pool our males and females 
without regard to Duckworth's proportions. His numbers are, however, too few 
for us to do more than say that his results agree not unreasonablv with ours J. 
* loc. cit. p. 150. No. 4 is given ? No. 2 is given as sox doubtful on p. 142, but as definite ^ 
in table on p. 150. 
f Obtained only from contours. 
{ The German anthropological catalogue {Die Anihropologische Bammluiujen DeutsMands, Bd. i. 
1877 — 1902, Berlin v. S. 51 — 2, Bresike Catalogue, 1880) provides measurements of three Moriori crania 
from the Chatham Islands in the Anatomical Museum of Berlin University. Two of the skulls are of 
children and the third of an aged person. They are thus of little use for comparative purposes. 
The measurements given of one of the young skulls which retains one mUk tooth and is metopic are : 
C= 1300, L= 170, B= 137, H= 126, S^ = 121, .S'^ = 124, = 108, GH = 97. 
The second child skull is metopic, has no 3rd molars and the palate is not yet closed ; further 
it is deformed, a large area on right side of temporal and left side of parietal being much depressed. 
The measurements given are : 
G= 1140, L= 164, B= 133, H= 126, 8^ = 116, /S'^ = 104, 8^ = 125, GH ^ 93. 
The aged skull has depression of the parietals, alveolar rim much absorbed after loss of incisors 
and the three sutures completely synostosed. The measurements given are : 
G = 1450, L = 183, B = 136, H = 136, 8^ = 130, & = 125, 8.^ = 120. 
The greatest length, assuming it a male, is somewhat below the average, H is about normal, 8^ and 
B .somewhat below average, but the other characters including the capacity above the average, but 
not greatly. It appears from the description — namely roof shaped, with slightly retreating forehead, 
