no 
A Studji of the Crania of the Moriori 
true for the glabella-lambda base. The results found for these two base lines 
whether we consider the bregmatic angle or the horizontal or vertical bregmatic 
index are not in any accordance, and although these base lines must be used when 
the subject consists merely of a skull cap, or even lacks the nasion, we doubt 
whether for racial inter-relations they are nearly as valuable as the nasio-gamma 
base. The general measure of the flattening of the frontal bone is best read off 
as on our p. 95, and this gives the Moriori the premier position on the list. If we » 
desire to measure the total physiognomic flatness we might, I think, combine 
the bregmatic angle for the nasio-gamma line with the angle the line joining the 
nasion to the arc end of the nasio-bregmatic subtense makes with the nasio- 
bregmatic line. The following table brings out the contributions to frontal 
flattening due (i) to flattening of the frontal bone and (ii) rotation of the frontal 
bone as a whole. 
Race 
Frontal Bone Flatness 
Rotation of base of 
Frontal Bone 
Physiognomic 
Angle of Flatness 
Cro-Magnon ... 
24°-7 
55°-2 
79°-9 
Eskimo 
28°-0 
5r-i 
79°-3 
Bantu 
27°-3 
49°-8 
77°. 1 
Guanche 
26°-4 
48° -1 
74°-5 
English 
26°-6 
47°-l 
73°-7 
Moriori 
22°-3 
49°-3 
7r-6 
Egyptian 
24°-9 
46°-2 
7i°-r 
This table seems of some interest. As we have before noted the physiognomic 
flatness consists of two factors ; of these the rotation is roughly twice as important 
as the actual flattening of the frontal bone. Thus the English low physiognomic 
flatness is largely due to rotation; the Cro-Magnon skull with much frontal 
flattening is physiognomically at the top of the list owing to the excess of rotation, 
and in appearance has consequently a well-developed frontal. The Moriori 
stands at the bottom of the list for frontal bone flattening, but has less physio- 
gnomic flatness than the Egyptian, although the difference is very minute. It is 
clearly impossible to judge any grade of " primitiveness" by the mere smallness 
of the bregmatic angle, and we venture to hold that physiognomic flatness must 
in future be distinguished from flatness of frontal bone. 
Returning to our Table V, we note that in the case of the nasio-lambda 
base the maximum subtense for all practical purposes is the bregmatic subtense. 
In other words if the nasion, but not the lambda, be ascertainable on a skull cap 
a rough approximation can be made to the nasio-lambda line by drawing through 
the nasion a parallel to the tangent to the sagittal arc at the bregma. The reader 
will see by examining A Index xjB, column (xi), Table V, that the maximum falls 
sometimes on one side, and sometimes on the other of the bregma, but its position, 
never more than half-a-dozen millimetres from the bregma, causes the two subtenses 
to be equal owing to the general flatness in the region of the bregma. The maximum 
