132 
A Study of the Crania of the Moriori 
8. On the Moriori Mandible. A difficulty arises in treating mandibles in 
general from the fact that they are usually very few in number, often separated 
from the skulls, and then difficult to sex, and further that as many writers neglect 
them altogether there are few data for comparative purposes*. The present 
material contains only eleven mandibles and of these one certainly did not belong 
to the skull with which it was associated. Four were female and seven were male. 
Scott has fourteen mandibles, twelve male and two female. In the case of the 
Maori he has 24 male and seven female mandibles. In the following table I have 
added Scott's data to mine for the Moriori and compare results with Macdonell's 
for English, Fawcett's for Naqada Egyptians, Koganei's for the Aino, and a few 
scattered results for Negro races. 
TABLE VII. Measurements of the Mandible. 
Race... 
Moriori 
Maori 
Aino 
Sex ... 
$ 
(? + ? 
? 
? 
c? + $ 
Bicondylar Width... 
Bigonal Width 
Height at Middle Incisors 
Mental Distance ... 
124- 1 
106-4 
35-3 
51-6 
114-8 
101-6 
30-7 
49-1 
122-3 
105-3 
34-2 
51-0 
127-2 
104-5 
34-5 
50-5 
120-9 
97-3 
29-7 
49-1 
125-8 
102-8 
33-4 
50-2 
102-0 
33-8 
95-6 
32-6 
99-5 
33-4 
Total Numbers (round) ... 
19 
6 
25 
24 
7 
31 
60 
35 
95 
Race... 
Sex ... 
English 
Gaboon, Bantus 
Northern 
Negro 
Fuegian 
Egyptian, Naqada 
<?+? 
c? 
0 
(? 
c?+? 
? 
<? + ? 
Bicondylar Width 
Bigonal Width 
Height at Middle Incisors 
Mental Distance ... 
113-2 
95-4 
30-8 
43-7 
112-6 
94-3 
32-7 
45-4 
110-0 
90-1 
30-5 
44-3 
111-6 
94-4 
31-8 
44-9 
117-0 
97-2 
120-6 
103-4 
35-4 
110-5 
93-6 
32-9 
44-4 
106-4 
87-6 
31-6 
43-1 
108-2 
90-4 
32-2 
43-7 
Total Numbers (round) ... 
140 
29 
20 
49 
16 
50 
60 
110 
Now these results, slender as are the numbers, seem of extreme interest. All 
comparison of the English and Aino mandible with that of the Moriori is now 
out of place. The Moriori, Maori and Fuegian are the only mandibles with a 
bicondylar width over 120 mm. and a bigonal width over 100. But the most 
* The Laboratory has in hand a series of many hundred Egyptian mandibles on which a much 
fuller system of measurements has been made. It is hoped to reach more definite criteria for sexing 
from this material. 
