Eveline Y. Thomson 
133 
marked differentiation of the Moriori and Maori from those of other races is the 
distance apart of the foramina mentalia which is over 50 cms. It is a misfortune 
that we have not this distance for the Fuegian mandibles, in order that we might 
ascertain whether it is usual for heavy large mandibles to have a mental distance 
of these dimensions, or whether it is a special racial character in Moriori and 
Maori. Judged by the general massiveness of mandible the racial order is: 
Moriori and Maori — Fuegian — Northern Negro — English — Gaboon Bantu — 
Egyptian — Aino. 
Taken in order of depth of chin, we have: 
Fuegian — Moriori — Maori — Aino — Egyptian — Gaboon Bantu — English. 
Lastly, if we class these races by the index 100 x bigonal width/bicondylar 
width, which to some extent measures the verticality of the ramus, we have 
the order: 
Moriori (86-1)— Fuegian (85-7)— Gaboon Bantu (84-6)— English (84-3)— 
Egyptian (83-6)— Northern Negro (83-1)— Maori (81-7)— Kaffir (81-0). 
These orders are not very illuminating except as grouping the primitive races 
of the southern hemisphere together by massiveness of mandible, and showing 
the Moriori with the most vertical, the Kaffir with the most sloping ramus. It is 
clear that two racial types of skull may approach each other fairly closely, while 
there can at the same time be a wide difference between their mandibles. 
9. Description of and Remarlcs on the Photographic Plates of Moriori Crania. 
Plates II, III and IV show a typical Moriori male cranium, No. 765*^. Plate II 
gives the norma facialis and indicates the high nose, the massive glabella, the 
flattened frontal and receding temporals. Plate III, the norma lateralis, left profile, 
indicates not only the same last three points, but the post-bregmatic depression 
followed by the sagittal crest, and further the massive mandible with vertical 
ramus. Plate IV, the norma occipitalis, marks the pentagonal form of this aspect 
as well as the generally massive character of the Moriori skull. The apex of 
the "pentagon" is the result of the sagittal crest. 
Plates V and VI, No. 765^°, give another typical male cranium. Plate V, 
the norma lateralis, right profile, shows well the characteristic frontal region 
and the marked sagittal crest, also general massiveness in the occipital, inion 
and mastoid regions. Plate VI, the norma occipitalis, brings out, in a still more 
marked manner than even Plate IV, the sagittal crest and indicates well the 
flattening of the parietals on either side of the sagittal suture. 
Plates VII and VIII are again photographs of a male skull. No. 765^^. Plate 
VII, the norma lateralis, left profile, is an endeavour to catch the marked temporal 
line and the recession of the temporal bone behind it, which gives the characteristic 
aspect to the horizontal contour. Plate VIII gives the norma basalis and indicates 
well the large and rotund character of the foramen magnum, although the fora- 
minal index of this cranium does not reach the mean value. The heavy inion 
ridge is to be noted. 
