2 32 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
'[Sept. i6, 1899. 
Tona (Tony's Ben— Nellie H. II.)— J- M. Morgan's 
b,, w. and t. bitch. 
Pontiac (Count Gladstone IV.— Hester Pryme)— 
Ayent & Duryea's b., w. and t. dog. 
'Sioux (Count Gladstone IV.— Hester Pryme)— Avent 
& Duryea's b., w. and t. bitch. 
Ute (Count Gladstone IV.— Hester Pryme)— Avent & 
Durvea's b., w. and t. bitch. 
Ca'ddo (Count Gladstone IV.— Hester Pryme)— Avent 
& Duryea's b., w. and t. bitch. 
Apache (Count Gladstone IV.— Hester Pryme)— Avent 
& Duryea's b., w. and t. dog. 
Traddles (Whyte .B.— Dolly Varden)— li. S. Bevan's 
b., w. and t. dog. 
Dolly Whyte (Whyte B.— Dolly Varden)— H. S. 
Bevan's 1. and w. bitch. 
Bob Acres (Tony's Gale— Minnie T.) — George Crock- 
er's o. and w. dog. 
Miss Meadows (Tony's Gale — Minnie T.) — George 
Crocker's b., w. and t. bitch. 
Chadwick (Tony's Gale— Lightfoot)— George Crocker's 
b., w. and t. bitch. 
Miss Bangle (Tony's Gale — Lightfoot) — George Crock- 
er's b., w. and t. bitch. 
Peg's Girl (Kelp— Scuffle)— R. B. Morgan's b., w. and 
t. bitch. 
May Hempstead (Kelp— Baby L.)— R. B. Morgan's b., 
w. and' t. bitch. 
Lillian's Boy (Rodfield — Lillian Russell) — ^Jackson & 
Denmark Kennels' b., w. and t. dog. 
Lillian's Girl (Rodfield — Lillian Russell) — Jackson & 
Denmark' Kennels' 1. and w. bitch. 
Gailor (Eugene T.— Gloster's Girl)— P. Lorillard, Jr.'s, 
b., w. and t. dog. 
Rancoca's Pet (Eugene T. — ^Gloster's Girl) — P, Lor- 
illard, Jr.'s. b., w. and t. bitch. 
Geneva (Tony's Boy — Lena Belle) — P. Lorillard, Jr.'s, 
b., w. and t. bitch. 
Belle L. (Tony's Boy— Lena Belle)— P. Lorillard, Jr.'s, 
b,, w. and t. bitch. 
Miss Lee (Eugene T. — ^Trinkett) — P. Lorillard, Jr.'s, 
b., w. and t. bitch. 
POINTERS. 
Plain Sam's Son (Plain Sam — Dolly Dee II.) — Verona 
Kennels' 1. and w. dog. 
(Duke of Dexter — Lucy Knowlton) — ^A. Q. 
Pitcher's 1. and w. bitch. 
Miss Madge (Adam — Sing) — F. R. Huntingdon's b. 
and w. bitch. 
Staccals ( ■ ) — W. A. Subilia's 1. and w. 
dog. 
Rip Rap's Pride (Rip Rap— Telmo Croxteth) — F. 
Kruse's b. and w. dog. 
(Young Rip Rap— Lady Margritte II.)— W. P. 
Stoddard's b. and w. bitch. 
Drillmaster (Jingo — Dot's Pearl) — O. W. Ferguson's 
1. and w. dog. 
Pearl's Boy (Jingo — Dot's Pearl) — ^J. B. Turner's 1. and 
w^. dog. 
Sam's Luck (Plain Sam — Eve) — ^J. R. Daniels' b. and 
w. dog. 
( ) — Ned Fav's b. and w. do^. 
Brann (Von Gull— Baby Ruth)— W. F. Rogers' 1. and 
w. dog. 
Keth's Flake (Young Rip Rap— Lady Margritte IT.) 
—J. W. Keth's b. and w. bitch. 
By Jingo (Jingo — Dot's Pearl) — J. S. Crane's 1. and w. 
dog. 
Dot's Daisy (Jingo — Dot's Pearl) — ^J. S. Crane's 1. and 
w. bitch. 
Good Enough (Rip Rap — Pearl's Dot) — Geo, E. 
Gray's b. and w. dog. 
Dot's Rap (Rip Rap — Pearl's Dot) — Geo. E. Gray's 
1. and w. dog. 
: Rap's Dot (Rip Rap— Pearl's Dot)— Geo. E. Gray's 
1. and w. bitch. 
Pearl's Rip Rap (Rip Rap — Pearl's Dot) — Geo. E. 
Gray's b. and w. bitch. 
Young Hal (Hal Pointer — Dympnia) — Dr. C. I. 
Shoop's b. and w. bitch. 
High Point (Young Rip Rap — Lady Margritte II.) — 
F. M. Stephenson's b. and w. dog. 
Rip (Rip Rap )— Geo. F. Nesbitt's I and w. 
dog. 
Mahdi (Tippoo — Queen Kent) — Charlottesville Field 
Trial Kennels' 1. and w. dog. 
_ Dervish (Tippoo — Queen Kent) — Charlottesville Field 
Trial Kennels' 1. and w. dog. 
Khartoum (Rip Rap — Toxic) — Charlottesville Field 
Trial Kennels' 1. and w. dog. 
, Soudan (Rip Rap— Toxic)— Charlottesville Field Trial 
Kennels' b. and w. bitch. 
Bedouin (Rip Rap — Queen III.) — Charlottesville Fie'd 
Trial Kennels' b. and w. bitch. 
W. B. Stapford, See'y. 
Manitoba Field Twals. 
The running of the Manitoba Field Trial Club's thir- 
teenth annual at Morris last week was most successful 
throughout. The winners follow. Full details of the 
work will be given in our next issue: Derby: Messrs. 
Avent and Duryea's Sioux, first; same owners' Victor, 
second; Mr. D. E. Rose's Bona, third. All-Age Stake: 
Messrs. Haniber and Code's Bang HI., first; Messrs. 
Avent and Duryea's Prime Minister, second; Del Monte 
Kennels' Minnie's Girl, third. 
Fixtures. 
' SEPTEMBER. 1l |, 
14. Newport, ladies' cruise, Isewpon, Narragansett Bay. 
16. American, fall regatta, Milton Point, Long Island Sound 
16. Philadelphia, cup, Philadelphia, Delaware River. 
16. Corinthian, Phila., knockabout, Essington, Delaware River 
23. Corinthian, Pliila., knockabout, Essington, Delaware River ' 
23. Riverside, fall regatta. Riverside, Long Island Sound 
24. Williamsburgh, annual fall regatta, Bowery Bay, L. ], Sound 
27. Taunton, ladies' day, Taunton, Mass. 
30. Corinthian, knockabout, Essington, Delaware Biyer. 
OCTOBER. 
3-5-7. New York, America Cnp matches, Sandy Hook. 
Columbia— Defender Trial Races. 
NEWPORT. 
Sept. 2, 4, 5. 
There was a time in the history of the America Cup 
races when the trial races of the defending fleet were al- 
most as exciting and interesting as the final contests of 
the national representatives ; in fact, at times, as when 
Mischief, Gracie and Hildegarde sailed in the trial races 
of i88t, and again when Puritan and Priscilla were 
matched in 1885, the feeling between the adherents of the 
different American yachts has almost exceeded the in- 
terest in the international races which followed. This 
year, as in 1895, the trial races have been mere perfunc- 
tory affairs, useful in a way, but by no means exciting, as 
the result has been a foregone conclusion. 
The trial race as a part of the international contests for 
the America Cup dates back to 1881. In the first match, in 
1870, the entire fleet of the New York Y. C. was declared 
eligible to sail against the one English challengctr in the 
• single race allowed to her. In the following year four 
schooners, Columbia, Dauntless, Sappho and Palmer, 
were selected by the choice of the club to be in readiness, 
any one of the four to be selected on the morning of the 
race to meet the challenging yacht in each race of the 
series. 
In 1876 but one yacht was chosen to defend the Cup, the 
schooner Madeline being selected on the basis of lier pub- 
lic record as the fastest schooner in the New York Y. C. 
fleet. 
Wheir the sloop Atalanta challenged in i88j, the ques- 
tion of the fastest American yacht of her class was by no 
means, an easy one, each of the existing yachts, Gracic, 
Mischief and Hildegarde, having many adherents, while 
the new sloop Pocahontas, especially buih by the flag 
officers of the club to defend the Cup, was confidently ex- 
pected to excel the older boats. Under such circimi- 
stances the first trial races were instituted, solely for the 
purpose of demonstrating the merits of tlie four yachts. 
The choice of the committee, now fully justified by sub- 
sequent events, was very severely criticised by many at 
the time, and gave great ofifense to the partisans of the 
other yachts. 
When Genesta challenged in 1885, a trial race was a 
necessity, as two yachts had been built for the defense, 
while several of the older cutters and .sloops were desirous 
of competing, though handicapped by their small size, 
being built to the 70ft. class. Except that the new iron 
sloop Mischief represented some important departures in 
model, ballasting and proportions and details of rig from 
the older sloops, the first trial race in 1881 was simply a 
local affair, limited to the sloops of the 70ft. class in the 
New York Y. C. fleet, all centerboard boats, of similar 
model and rig. In the trials of 1885, however, two new 
issues were presented, making the contest more exciting 
and far more valuable. In the first place, the question of 
local rivalry was involved. New York being pitted against 
Boston ; and in the second place, the question of type 
came in for the first time, the New York boat, Priscilla, 
an enlarged Mischief, being distinctively a centerboard 
sloop, while the Boston boat, Puritan, was as distinctively 
a centerboard cutter, the first great step in that com- 
promise of American and British ideas which has resulted 
in one common type, the modern semi-fin-keel cutter, on 
both sides of the Atlantic. 
The' following trials, in 1886, 1887 and 1893, m each 
case for the purpose of selecting the best yacht of a fleet, 
were marked by the rivalry between various designers; 
the rivalry of the East, represented by Boston and 
Bristol, against New York; and by important differences 
of type, the centerboard in various degrees of compromise, 
the keel type, and finally the fin and semi-fin types, being 
all represented. 
These contests, hotly fought by all parties, with added 
labor and expense each year, proved to be most valuable 
in developing the speed of the competitors and in putting 
the chosen defender in the best possible form, both as to 
yacht and crew, for meeting the British challenger. 
Since 1S93 the development of the racing machine has 
reached sitch a point that building by individual yachts- 
men has ceased, owing to the excessive cost and the use- 
lessness of the yachts, and it has been simply a matter of 
one new syndicate boat each year for the defense. In the 
case of Defender in 1895, it was practically a certainty 
from the start that with her improved model and rig and 
the lighter construction obtained by the use of aluminum 
she would defeat her older sister. Vigilant; and the main 
end served by the trial races of the two was the improve- 
ment of Defender by actual racing against a yaciit of her 
own class. In the present case the conditions have been 
the same ; there was little question from the start that 
Mr. Herreshoff would be able to improve materially on 
Defender, and that the new boat would be finally selected 
in preference to the old one, as has been the case. The 
rebuilding of Defender, however, and the constant racing 
between her and the new Columbia has not only proved 
the superiority of the latter, but has been of inestimable 
value in developing by means of judicious experiments on 
sails, spars and all other details a higher speed than either 
could hope to attain without such trials. The earlier 
races between the two had made the selection of Columbia 
a certainty, so that the formal trial races, just sailed, are _ 
important only as they indicate a progressive improve- 
ment in her. 
The series really included three races, sailed on Sept. 
2, 4 and 5, though only the first two were considered 
official trials. For the first race, Mr. W. G. Brokaw, of 
the schooner Amorita, offered a handsome cup; for the 
second, Mr. H. B. Moore, of the steam yacht Marietta 
III., offered another cup, and the third race was sailed 
for a cup specially offered by Mr. William Goddard, of 
Providence, father of Mrs. C. Oliver Iselin. The races 
were under the management of the New York Y. C. 
regatta conunittee, Messrs. S. Nicholson Kane, Chester 
Griswold and Irving Grinnell, wdio followed on the first 
two days on the flagship Corsair III., and on the third 
day on Marietta III. For the first time in the history 
of the Cup the trial races were sailed oft" Newport, for the 
very good reasons that the course, which is in itself an 
excellent one, can be reached by a short sail from the 
harbor, avoiding the tow of twenty miles that is necessary 
at New York; and both yachts were at all times within 
easy reach of the Herreshoff shops, at Bristol, for changes 
and repairs. 
In all the trial races up to 1895 the competing yachts 
have been measured according to the rule of the New 
York Y. C, and the measitrements have been made public 
at the time of the first race at latest, the corrected times 
of the yachts being announced immediately after the 
finish. This year, for reasons of state, in all the races of 
Columbia and Defender the rule has been violated, the 
yachts have not been officialty measured, and everything 
relating to their measui-ements has been carefully con- 
cealed. The allowances of Columbia to Defender in the 
races of the season, including thd trial races themselves, 
are as yet unknown, and it is quite possible that the exact 
times of the two will neA'^er be officially known and 
recorded, as the measurements have alt<?red from race to 
race with the many changes of spars. As it was necessary 
in these races to have some nominal basis on which to 
award the cups, the following table was accepted by 
both parties : 
Time Consumed Allowance Time Consumed Allowance 
in Minutes. in Min. & Sec. in Minutes. in Min. & Sec. 
2 00 to 2 10 3 00 2 70 to 2 80 7 40 
2 10 to 2 20 3 10 2 SO to 2 90 9 00 
2 20 to 2 30 3 30 2 90 to 3 00 10 30 
2 30 to 2 40 4 00 3 00 to 3 10 ' 12 10 
2 40 to 2 50 4 40 3 10 to 3 20 14 00 
2 50 to 2 60 5 30 3 20 to 3 30 16 00 
2 60 to 2 70 6 30 
These allowances are purely arbitrary, and have nothing 
to do with the measurement rule and allowance table of 
the New York Y. C, under which all of its races are 
supposed to be sailed. 
In the races Columbia carried her steel mast, the broken 
portion having been repilaced, with the topmast stepped in 
the masthead and housing within the mast. Both yachts 
had been pitt iti perfect condition. Defender being hauled 
out at Bristol and painted on the bottom with the Flerres- 
hoff green paint. Capt. Barr and the Deer Isle crew were 
on board Columbia, while Capt. Rhodes and his Scandi 
navian crew sailed Defender. ' Mr. N. G. Herreshoff 
sailed on Columbia in the first race. 
First Trial Race — Bfofcaw Cup, 
WINDWARD AND LEEWARD COURSE. 
Saturday, Sept. 2. 
The start for all the races was thfc Brenton's Reef 
Lightship, the hour being ii A. M., but on Saturday morn- 
ing it rained quite hard, with an easterly wind, and Mr. 
Iselin was unwilling to wet Columbia's mainsail, so the 
start was postponed until x P. M. About noon the rain 
ceased and the sky cleared, and mainsails were set and 
then the jibs went up in stops, and the two started out of 
Newport Harbor in a light breeze, accompanied by Corsair 
III., Marietta III., Nourmahal, Sapphire III., JPolyanthus, 
Eugenia, Aileen II. and Ballymena. The wind freshened 
as they worked out, and at the lightship it was blowing 
about ten miles per hour, from a little north of east. A 
course dead to windward would have taken the yachts 
too close to West Island, so the course east by south was 
given as the nearest possible. Both set club topsails and 
baby jib topsails. The flagship marked the north end of 
the line, with the Brenton's Reef Lightship on the south 
end. The starting signal was given at i :35, Defender, 
after some lively dodging between the pair, luffing sharp 
around the lightship within 40s. of the gun, and so close 
as to leave no room for Columbia on her weather. Co- 
lumbia crossed 17s. later, in a very poor position astern 
of Defender, both being on starboard tack. Columbia 
went on port tack as soon as she was well by the mark, but 
Defender was about as soon as she was, and still in a 
good berth. For the next five or six minutes Columbia 
was sailed hard to get through Defender's lee, gaining a 
little, then she came on starboard tack with the right of 
way. Defender tacked too, and again threw her back 
wind into Columbia's sails, the latter soon tacking again. 
Defender followed, and the same play was repeated. 
About 2 o'clock the jib topsail sheet on Columbia parted, 
and the sail was lowered for a short time. She was doing 
a little better all the while, and by slow degrees at last 
managed to get her wind clear and to leave Defender 
hand over hand, slowly but steadily. After going on 
port tack, close under the shore, at 2 o'clock, both made a 
long seaward leg of nearly Som., with all the wind they 
wanted for their club topsails and scuppers boiling. Co- 
lumbia tacked first for the mark, and had to light sheets, 
while Defender fetched easily after tacking a little further 
to leeward. The times showed a good gain for Columbia 
after a fair fight, in which she started at a disadvantage. 
Mark. Elapsed. Gain. Lead. 
Columbia 3 50 03 2 14 23 0 05 10 0 05 10 
Defender iS 54 56 2 19 33 ,. 
When they turned, the wind was not far enough aff for 
spinakers, and each set her balloon jib topsail; after about 
twenty minutes Columbia set her spinaker to starboard 
and within the next five minutes Defender broke out hers. 
The wind was light in spots as they ran home, and De- 
fender possibly carried a little stronger breeze to the line. 
The final times were : 
Pinish. 
Columbia ...5 22 43 
Defender ...5 29 15 
Leg. Course. 
Elapsed. Gain, Elapsed. Lead. 
1 32 40 • 0 01 39 3 47 03 0 06 49 
1 34 19 3 53 52 
According to the official figures, Columbia won by 3m. 
19s. corrected tiine; the elapsed time being 227m., for 
which the allowance in the above table is 3m. 303. 
Second Trial Race — Moorp Cup, 
TRIANGULAR COURSE. 
Monda}'-, Sept. 4. 
Early on Monday morning the wind was N.W. and 
strong, but as it worked to the north it lightened, and 
though when the j'achts got under way at 10 A. M. under 
lower sails it was a question which topsails they might 
need, it was soon evident that the big clubs were called 
for. The weather was fine and the day an ideal one for 
sailing. The triangular course was in order, and the flag- 
ship set the signals for the three legs, S.E.;4E., W. by 
S.5/2S. and N. by E., the latter being to windward. The 
first leg was a reach on port tack, and -the second called 
for the same trim of sheets on the other tack. Wlien the 
preparatory signal was given at li:iS, both swung club 
topsails, with jib topsails in stops, and Defender had her 
balloon staysail set. This time Columbia was over in 
the lead, but gs. after the gun, with Defender 135. 
